what is the basic meaning of hydraulic and how it works?

Answer 1

Hydraulics is a matter of science and engineering subject dealing with the mechanical properties of liquids. Hydraulics is part of the more general discipline of fluid power. Fluid mechanics provides the theoretical foundation for hydraulics, which focuses on the engineering uses of fluid properties. Hydraulic topics range through most science and engineering disciplines, and cover concepts such as pipe flow, dam design, fluid control circuitry, pumps, turbines, hydropower, computational fluid dynamics, flow measurement, river channel behavior and erosion.
*A hydraulic/hydrostatic drivesystem is a drive- or transmission system that makes use of a hydraulic fluid under pressure to drive a machinery. Such a system basically consists out of a hydraulic pump, driven by an electric motor, a combustion engine or maybe a windmill, and a hydraulic motor or hydraulic cylinder to drive the machinery. Between pump and motor/cylinder, valves, filters, piping etc guide, maintain and control the drive system. Hydrostatic means that the energy comes from the flow and the pressure, but not from the kinetic energy of the flow.

*Hydraulic machinery are machines and tools which use fluid power to do work. Heavy equipment is a common example.

In this type of machine, high pressure hydraulic fluid is transmitted throughout the machine to various hydraulic motors and hydraulic cylinders. The fluid is controlled directly or automatically by control valves and distributed through hoses and tubes.

The popularity of hydraulic machinery is due to the very large amount of power that can be transferred through small tubes and flexible hoses, and the high power density and wide array of actuators that can make use of this power.

Answer 2

Hydraulics

Is a topic of science and engineering subject dealing with the mechanical properties of liquids. Hydraulics is part of the more general discipline of fluid power. Fluid mechanics provides the theoretical foundation for hydraulics, which focuses on the engineering uses of fluid properties. Hydraulic topics range through most science and engineering disciplines, and cover concepts such as pipe flow, dam design, fluid control circuitry, pumps, turbines, hydropower, computational fluid dynamics, flow measurement, river channel behavior and erosion.

The word "hydraulics" originates from the Greek word ὑδραυλικός (hydraulikos) which in turn originates from ὕδραυλος meaning water organ which in turn comes from ὕδρω (water) and αὐλός (pipe).

how they work

The principles of hydraulics have been present in automotive design since the first brake system distributed pressure to each wheel by means of compressing fluid rather than pulling cables or mechanical linkages. Hydraulic systems were further used in similar ways such as operating clutch mechanisms, and in new ways such as hydraulically dampened shock absorbers, power assisted steering, and automatic transmissions.
The master hydraulic system was kept at a constant pressure, fed by a pump that was powered by the engine itself by means of a belt (the way a conventional power steering unit is powered). Hydraulic pressure was distributed to the various subsystems as needed, and would always return to a common reservoir.



Pressure to a fluid transmits in all directions. PRINCIPLES OF HYDRAULIC PRESSURE A Frenchman named Pascal discovered that a pressure applied to any part of a confined fluid transmits to every other part with no loss. The pressure acts with equal force on all equal areas of the confining walls and perpendicular to the walls. Remember when you are talking about the hydraulic machine, you are talking about the way a liquid acts in a closed system of pipes and cylinders. The action of a liquid under such conditions is somewhat different from its behavior in open containers or in lakes, rivers, or oceans. You also should keep in mind that you cannot compress most liquids into a smaller space. Liquids don’t “give” the way air does when you apply pressure, nor do liquids expand when you remove pressure. Punch a hole in a tube of toothpaste. If you push down at any point on the tube, the toothpaste comes out of the hole. Your force has transmitted from one place to another through the toothpaste, which is a thick, liquid fluid. If you were to press on the tube at one point, the toothpaste would come out of all four holes. You have illustrated a basic principle of hydraulic machines. That is, a force applied on a liquid transmits equally in every direction to all parts of the container. We use this principle in the operation of four-wheel hydraulic automobile brakes. You push down on the brake pedal and force the piston in the master cylinder against the fluid in that cylinder. This push sets up a pressure on the fluid as your finger did on the toothpaste in the tube. The pressure on the fluid in the master cylinder transmits through the lines to the brake cylinders in each wheel. This fluid under pressure Hydraulic brakes.Liquid transmits force. pushes against the pistons in each of the brake cylinders and forces the brake shoes out against the drums. MECHANICAL ADVANTAGES OF HYDRAULIC PRESSURE Another aspect to understand about hydraulic machines is the relationship between the force you apply and the result you get. The U-shaped tube has a cross-sectional area of 1 square inch. In each arm is a piston that fits snugly, but can move up and down. If you place a 1-pound weight on one piston, the other one will push out the top of its arm immediately.

Answer 3

Best way is search the Internet yourself, the satisfaction is bigger this way (here is a start)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic