a buffer solution consists of what? how do you solve and equation given volume and molarity of substance?

Question

need help please :)

Answer 1

I really don't know what the second half of your question is, but as for the first half, a buffer solution is a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base (for example, acetic acid and acetate ion). Buffers are used because they resist changes in pH of a solution. Blood, for example, has a buffer to prevent the pH from changing too much (in for example lactic acid production).

Answer 2

A buffer solution is such that can resist chaneges it pH when SMALL quantities of acid or base are added. It consist of a weak acid or base and and a salt (e.g. CH3COOH +CH3COO-Na+). this buffer will have: lots of un-ionised ethanoic acid (weak acid - very little ionisation in water), lots of ethanoate ions from sodium ethanoate, enough H+ ions to make the solution acidic.
u need to know the value for ka for the ionisation of ethanoic acid and then u can use the following formula:

ka = [ethanoate - from sodium ethanoate]*[H+] / [ethanoic acid]
from this formula u can do almost every calculation...
rearrange to get the value of [H+] and log to get the pH.

Answer 3

buffer solutions consist of a weak acid or base and it's salt...example:

Na (CH3COO) + CH3COOH
or
HNO3 + NaNO3