How can the following drugs and diseases cause depression?

Question

How can the following diseases cause depression:
1. pernicious anemia
2. hyperthyroidism
3. hypothyroidism

How can the following drugs cause depression:
1. propanolol
2. corticosteroids
3. oral contraceptives
4. alcohol
5. isotretinoin

Answer 1

Any sort of anemia, pernicious or otherwise, can manifest as depression. You don't have enough blood cells in your body, so you end up feeling tired all the time.

Hypothyroidism also results in a significant lack of energy, so can have similar results. I honestly don't know why hyperthyroidism can also result in depressive symptoms. It might be that patients have trouble sleeping or have problems with concentration and excessive psychomotor agitation.

Propanolol slows your heart rate and decreases cardiac output. You basically get the same effect as with anemia--you just don't have the energy that you would otherwise.

Corticosteroids can cause a number of psychiatric changes that are often lumped together under the umbrella of "steroid psychosis". This can include depression, mania, or overt psychosis. I don't think it is understood why this happens.

Oral contraceptives are hormones. If someone can explain to me why hormones cause mood swings in women, I would be indebted to him.

Alcohol is well-known to be a downer, but I don't think it is known how exactly it works. Some people argue that alcohol addiction is a *result* of depression, but I think the more common opinion is that it can be both a cause and effect.

The evidence on isotretinoin is equivocal. The fact is that the group of patients who are most likely to be prescribed isotretinoin *already* have a higher risk of suicidality before they ever get the drug (the incidence of suicide is the same between kids who get isotretinoin for their acne and kids who get antibiotics for their acne). The reason isotretinoin is so tightly regulated now is because a Congressman's son committed suicide and the Congressman blamed the drug--but there really is no reliable evidence behind it.

Answer 2

1

Answer 3

they dont, it's a result of your thoughts taking a negative turn and affecting your physical well being- dont blame the drugs