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3)Sorbitol is a sweet substance found in fruits and berries and sometimes used as sugar substitute. An aquesous solution containing 1g of sorbitol in 100g water has a freezing point of -0.102˚ C. Elemental analysis indicates that Sorbitol is 39.56% C, 7.75% H and 52.7% O. What are the molar mass and the molecular formula of Sorbitol? The Ksubf of water is 1.86˚ C/m.

2007-02-24 19:35:13 · 2 answers · asked by smarterchild_usa 1 in Science & Mathematics Chemistry

2 answers

The formula for freezing point depression is

∆T = i*Kf*m, where Kf is the FPD constant, i = 1 for non-ionic solutions and m is the molal concentration (moles per kg of solvent). First find the molal concentration:

m = ∆T/Kf

Since the freezing point of pure water is 0ºC, the ∆T is -0.102ºC; therefore m = -0.102ºC/-1.86ºC/m = 0.05484 molal = 0.05484 mole sorbitol per kg of water.

In 100g there will be 0.1*0.05484 moles of sorbitol, therefore the solution contains 0.00548 moles of sorbitol, which you are told is 1g. From the definition of mole:

MM = g/mole, so the molecular mass is 1/0.00548=182.48g/mole.

The molecular formula is CaHbOc, and the molecular mass is the sum of the masses of the components:

a*MM(C)+b*MM(H)+c*MM(O)

MM(C)=12.0107
MM(H)=1.00794
MM(O)=15.9994

39.56% of the compound is C, MM(C)=12.0107 So 39.56% of 182.48 = a*12.0107 (the number of carbon atoms times the MM of carbon); similarly for H and O. Then

a = 0.3956*182.48/12.0107 = 4
b = 0.0775*182.48/1.00794 = 14
c = 0.527*182.48/15.9994 = 4

Thus the formula is C4H14O4

2007-02-24 20:33:55 · answer #1 · answered by gp4rts 7 · 0 0

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2016-10-16 10:52:54 · answer #2 · answered by Anonymous · 0 0

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