Please Help Me: Angio/Gymnosperms?

Question

1. How are conifers better adapted to living on land than ferns?

2. What are 2 Advanced structures that the Angiosperms have & Gymnosperms DON'T have?

3. How is the gametophyte stage in Gymnosperms and Angiosperms different than that of Bryophytes?

4. What are 2 Advanced structures that Angiosperms & Gymnosperms have but ferns, Bryophytes (mosses),Marchantiophyta (liverworts), Anthocerotophyta (hornworts) DON'T have?
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Please Help Me. Thank you so much!

Answer 1

1.- They are woody plants, so water doesn't escape so easily; they produce seeds, so the embryo is well protected; fertilization doesn't require water.

2.- Tracheids (conductive tissue) in all except in Cycads. Strobili, angiosperms modificated micro and megaphyll leaves form the flower.

3.- In Bryophytes, the gametophyte stage is more notorious and lasts longer during the life cycle, whereas in Angiosperms and Gymnosperms is very little and inconspicous, and lasts very little during the life cycle.

4.- Xylem, floem, seeds, pollen, wood (which is actually the xylem)

Answer 2

1. Reproductive strategies. Seeds rather than spores.

2. Flowers and seed-coverings.

3. In the bryophytes the gametophyte stage is the most common whereas in the vascular plant the stage is short-lived.

4. Seeds and ovules.

Hard time with #4 a fertilized seed is slightly different than an ovule according to this source:

"An ovule is a structure found in seed plants that develops into a seed after fertilization. In Angiosperms, (the flowering plants, meaning enclosed seed), the ovule is found within part of the carpel known as the ovary, which ultimately becomes the fruit. In conifers and similar plants known as Gymnosperms (meaning naked seed), the ovules are borne unenclosed on the surface of an ovuliferous (ovule-bearing) scale, usually within a cone."

Edit: This answer has been modified due to additional research. Thank you.

Answer 3

1.) conifers have pollen to carry their non-flagellated sperm; ferns have flagellated sperm that require water to swim

2.) in bryophytes, the gametophyte stage is dominant: in seed plants; the gametophytes are highly reduced and the sporophte is dominant

4.) seeds &pollen