2007-02-19 18:38:03 · 6 answers · asked by ramghar36 1 in Science & Mathematics ➔ Engineering
A hydrometer is an instrument used for determining the specific gravity of liquids. It is usually made of glass and consists of a cylindrical stem and a bulb weighted with mercury or shot to make it float upright. The liquid is poured into a tall jar, and the hydrometer is gently lowered into the liquid until it floats freely.
The point where the surface of the liquid touches the stem of the hydrometer is noted. Hydrometers usually contain a paper scale inside the stem, so that the specific gravity (or density relative to water) can be read directly in grams per cubic centimeter.
In light liquids like kerosene, gasoline, and alcohol, the hydrometer must sink deeper to displace its weight of liquid than in heavy liquids like brine, milk, and acids. In fact, it is usual to have two separate instruments, one for heavy liquids, on which the mark 1.000 for water is near the top, and one for light liquids, on which the mark 1.000 is near the bottom of the stem.
The function of the hydrometer is based on Archimedes principle that a solid suspended in a liquid will be buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the liquid displaced. Thus, the lower the density of the substance, the lower the hydrometer will sink. Some historians credit Hypatia of Alexandria with the invention of the hydrometer although there is little evidence to support this.
2007-02-19 18:42:45 · answer #1 · answered by LS 4 · 0⤊ 0⤋
A hydrometer is an instrument used for determining the specific gravity of liquids. It is usually made of glass and consists of a cylindrical stem and a bulb weighted with mercury or shot to make it float upright. The liquid is poured into a tall jar, and the hydrometer is gently lowered into the liquid until it floats freely.
2007-02-19 20:33:45 · answer #2 · answered by paul13051956 3 · 0⤊ 0⤋
Hydrometer is a measuring instrument for determining the specific gravity of a liquid or solid.
2007-02-19 18:41:30 · answer #3 · answered by vanpandy 4 · 1⤊ 0⤋
A hydrometer is an instrument that measures the specific gravity (relative density) of liquids—the ratio of the density of the liquid to the density of water. A hydrometer is usually made of glass, and consists of a cylindrical stem and a bulb weighted with mercury or lead shot to make it float upright.
2016-05-18 18:16:57 · answer #4 · answered by john 4 · 0⤊ 0⤋
It measures the specific gravity of a liquid. This can tell you how much of something is dissolved in it. For example, in beer and wine making you adjust the amount of dissolved sugar to get the alcohol percentage you want in the end. You can test a car battery to tell the amount of charge (the sulfate goes into solution as sulfuric acid as it charges). Or to test the protection level of a car's antifreeze.
2007-02-19 18:45:33 · answer #5 · answered by Anonymous · 1⤊ 0⤋
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2016-12-18 06:58:09 · answer #6 · answered by ? 4 · 0⤊ 0⤋