The term "canon" is used to describe the books that are divinely inspired and therefore belong in the Bible. The difficult aspect of determining the Biblical canon is that the Bible does not give us a list of the books that belong in the Bible. Determining the canon was a process, first by Jewish rabbis and scholars, and then later by early Christians. Ultimately, it was God who decided what books belonged in the Biblical canon. A book of Scripture belonged in the canon from the moment God inspired its writing. It was simply a matter of God convincing His human followers which books should be included in the Bible.
Compared to the New Testament, there was very little controversy over the canon of the Old Testament. Hebrew believers recognized God’s messengers, and accepted their writings as inspired of God. There was undeniably some debate in regards to the Old Testament canon. However, by 250 A.D. there was nearly universal agreement on the canon of Hebrew Scripture. The only issue that remained was the Apocrypha…with some debate and discussion continuing today. The vast majority of Hebrew scholars considered the Apocrypha to be good historical and religious documents, but not on the same level as the Hebrew Scriptures.
For the New Testament, the process of the recognition and collection began in the first centuries of the Christian church. Very early on, some of the New Testament books were being recognized. Paul considered Luke’s writings to be as authoritative as the Old Testament (1 Timothy 5:18; see also Deuteronomy 25:4 and Luke 10:7). Peter recognized Paul’s writings as Scripture (2 Peter 3:15-16). Some of the books of the New Testament were being circulated among the churches (Colossians 4:16; 1 Thessalonians 5:27). Clement of Rome mentioned at least eight New Testament books (A.D. 95). Ignatius of Antioch acknowledged about seven books (A.D. 115). Polycarp, a disciple of John the Apostle, acknowledged 15 books (A.D. 108). Later, Irenaeus mentioned 21 books (A.D. 185). Hippolytus recognized 22 books (A.D. 170-235). The New Testament books receiving the most controversy were Hebrews, James, 2 Peter, 2 John, and 3 John. The first “canon” was the Muratorian Canon, which was compiled in (A.D. 170). The Muratorian Canon included all of the New Testament books except Hebrews, James, and 3 John. In A.D. 363, the Council of Laodicea stated that only the Old Testament (along with the Apocrypha) and the 27 books of the New Testament were to be read in the churches. The Council of Hippo (A.D. 393) and the Council of Carthage (A.D. 397) also affirmed the same 27 books as authoritative.
The councils followed something similar to the following principles to determine whether a New Testament book was truly inspired by the Holy Spirit: 1) Was the author an apostle or have a close connection with an apostle? 2) Is the book being accepted by the Body of Christ at large? 3) Did the book contain consistency of doctrine and orthodox teaching? 4) Did the book bear evidence of high moral and spiritual values that would reflect a work of the Holy Spirit? Again, it is crucial to remember that the church did not determine the canon. No early church council decided on the canon. It was God, and God alone, who determined which books belonged in the Bible. It was simply a matter of God convincing His followers of what He had already decided upon. The human process of collecting the books of the Bible was flawed, but God, in His sovereignty, despite our ignorance and stubbornness, brought the early church to the recognition of the books He had inspired.
2007-02-18 10:57:05
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answer #1
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answered by Freedom 7
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The Bible was written by about 40 men in about 1600 years dating from 1500 B.C. to about 100 A.D. These men wrote as they were moved by the Holy Spirit (2 Pet. 1:21). They wrote not in words of human wisdom but in words taught by the Holy Spirit (1 Cor. 2:13).
English Bible
The first translation of the English Bible was initiated by John Wycliffe and completed by John Purvey in A.D. 1388.
The first American edition of the Bible was perhaps published some time before A.D. 1752.
The Bible has been translated in part or in whole as of 1964 in over 1,200 different languages or dialects.
The Bible was divided into chapters by Stephen Langton about A.D. 1228.
The Old Testament was divided into verses by R. Nathan in A.D. 1448 and the New Testament by Robert Stephanus in A.D. 1551.
There are 66 books in the Bible, 39 in the OT and 27 in the new.
The OT has 929 chapters and 23,214 verses. The NT has 260 chapters and 7,959 verses.
In the OT, the longest book is Psalms. The shortest book is Obadiah.
In the NT, the longest book is Acts. The shortest is 3 John.
The word "God" occurs 4,379 times. The word "Lord" occurs 7,738 times.
Isaiah is referenced 419 times in 23 NT books; Psalms 414 times in 23 books; Genesis 260 times in 21 books.
2007-02-18 08:02:32
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answer #2
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answered by Jo 4
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Nobody "rewrote" the Bible.
Moses was the man who penned the Torah (Pentateuch) all except the account of his own departure from earth. He probably had accounts that he gleaned from for the creation story etc.
The prophets wrote the books ascribed to them, and the remainder of the Tanach is what it purports to be. The Qumran scrolls confirms the veracity of all but the Song of Solomon.
The most authoritative "New Testament" documents are those of the Byzantine tradition as early church writings confirm the disputed texts by quoting them.
The Septuagint (written 500 years before Christ) confirm the veracity of the prophets that are discounted by unbelievers that they were written when they say they were.
Tyndale is the first man who translated the Byzantine body of Greek manuscripts into English. That body of manuscripts was later called the Majority Text. The King James Plagiarists copied Tyndale for the most part, and the changes they made did more damage than good.
The Vulgate (Latin translation of an inferior body of texts) was the Bible that the Catholic church used forever, and they strenuously resisted that it be translated into the vernacular (English or any other language).
Most of today's "modern english" translations are from a bogus manuscript found in a trash can in Egypt. That's where it belonged.
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2007-02-18 07:51:30
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answer #3
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answered by s2scrm 5
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The original Bible was Hebrew. It was translated by 70 scholars in Alexandria, Egypt into Greek, for the Greek speaking Hebrew people.
When the New Testament was written, it was written primarily in Greek, with a smattering of Aramaic.
This was translated by a man named Jerome, who took the texts and translated them into Latin, which was the official language of the Roman Empire.
It stayed that way until people wanted the Bible in their own heart language. Martin Luther translated it into German, and John Wycliffe translated it into English.
Since then, Bible and Language scholars have taken the original texts and have translated the Bible into various languages for people to read for themselves.
It is because of this that people come to know God on their own, without having to trust what someone says about the Bible. They can read it for themselves in their own language.
2007-02-18 07:59:24
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answer #4
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answered by Anonymous
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The New Testament was written in Greek and the Old was written in Hebrew originally. The Bible has many writers, but, ONE author, the HOLY SPIRIT. Moses wrote the first five books of the Old Testament. King David wrote the Psalms. Solomon wrote Songs of Solomon and Ecclesiates, etc. The New testament was mostly written by Paul,but, there are other books written by other writers, such as, John, James, 1 and 2 Peter, etc.
Hope this helps.
GOD bless
2007-02-18 07:56:33
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answer #5
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answered by Exodus 20:1-17 6
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Okay, let's get this straight once and for all. When Jean Auel wrote 'Clan of the Cave Bear', she did NOT write it in the many languages it is available in today. That doesn't mean anyone 'rewrote' it. It's the same story told the same way, with the only difference being the language used. It's the same with the Bible. Translation does NOT equal rewriting.
2007-02-18 07:55:35
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answer #6
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answered by Anonymous
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Individual religions made changes. Parts of the original bible were in it, and made no sense. The ecumenical council removed parts that didn't have biblical threads with other books.
The Catholics put references in to support the trinity, which is strictly theirs.
Some protestant Church's added references to support their faith. Some religions don't use the Old Testament.
One religion prefers to think of Jesus as the supreme God, setting aside the fact that he was the first creation of our God, Jehovah.
Yes, there are many translations/ versions. We have our own, acclaimed by students world wide as the most accurate.
And don't forget one very important fact......the bible is a library, not a novel. It is intended to be used as a referance book.
Full of history and purposes......
2007-02-18 08:00:37
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answer #7
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answered by Anonymous
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They didn't change anything. The Bible was translated into different languages so that the people of different languages could understand what was originally written.
2007-02-18 08:02:24
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answer #8
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answered by michael m 5
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Individual priests translated the Bible. This caused an uproar though due to the fact that they often had conflicts in translation and due to the fact that the Old Testament (Jewish Torah) was not supposed to be translated according to Judaic law.
2007-02-18 07:54:58
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answer #9
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answered by Anonymous
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i does no longer. i'd return to the older, Roman Catholic variations and shrink out each and all of the greater present day greater liberal translations, and that i'd truthfully shrink out King Jimmy's version considering the fact that King Jimmy became into by no ability approved to jot down God's observe, even nevertheless a super sort of human beings have fallen for that nonsense. God Bless you.
2016-11-23 17:05:58
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answer #10
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answered by ? 4
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