what is multiple chalazion(a disorder of eye). how can it be treated?

Answer 1

these are small hard swellings which develop in the eyelids due to wrong treatment of boils(styes) with strong antiseptics locally/antibiotics internally.When they occur in crops ( as they normally do) they are known as multiple chalazion.These have to be surgically removed.
One can prevent them by proper treatment of these boils without using strong antiseptic eye instillations or oral antibiotics. Repeated fomentation with warm water containing a mild antiseptic like boric acid powder or a few drops of dettol, helps these boils to point and discharge their pus which thus does not become consolidated and hard as in a chalazion

Answer 2

Chalazia and hordeola are sudden onset of localized swellings of the eyelid; a chalazion is caused by noninfectious meibomian gland occlusion, whereas a hordeolum is caused by infection. Both conditions initially cause lid hyperemia (excess of blood in a part) and edema, swelling, and pain; with time, a chalazion becomes a small nontender nodule in the eyelid center, whereas a hordeolum remains painful and localizes to a lid margin. Diagnosis is clinical. Treatment is with hot compresses. Both conditions improve spontaneously, but incision or, for chalazia, intralesional corticosteroids may be used to hasten resolution.
Chalazion

Answer 3

Chalazia and hordeola are the most common lesions occurring in the human eyelid, and often recurrences are managed by surgical intervention to remove fatty inclusions within the lid with associated inflammatory reaction. The present invention provides non-surgical methods of treating chalazia, hordeola and cutaneous infections comprising the administration of compositions comprising botulinum toxin. The present invention provides methods that effectively block meibum secretion from the meibomian glands, reduce sebaceous bacterial culture media on skin, and sebaceous secretion from the glands of Zeis. Decreased production of meibum and associated fatty substances resulting from the methods of the present invention, decrease gland blockage and tissue inspissations, resulting in reduced recurrence of chalazia, hordeola and related inflammatory reactions and lesions.
A chalazion (Greek for hailstone) is a lipogranuloma of either a meibomian gland or a Zeis gland. When the former is involved, the lid nodule is characteristically hard and painless lid nodule; with the latter, it is marginal or superficial.


Pathophysiology: Lipid breakdown products, possibly from bacterial enzymes (as free fatty acids), from retained sebaceous secretions leak into the surrounding tissue and incite a granulomatous inflammatory response. The resulting mass of granulation tissue and chronic inflammation (with lymphocytes and lipid-laden macrophages) distinguishes a chalazion from an internal or external hordeolum, which is primarily an acute pyogenic inflammation with polymorphonuclear leucocytes and necrosis with pustule formation. However, one condition can result in the other because of their close proximity. On clinical examination, the single nontender, firm nodule (or in rare cases, multiple nodules) is located deep within the lid or the tarsal plate, whereas a hordeolum is more superficial. Eversion of the lid may reveal the dilated meibomian gland and chronic inspissation of adjoining glands.


Frequency:


In the US: Chalazia are common, but the exact incidence or prevalence is unknown.
Internationally: No data about the prevalence or incidence are available.
Mortality/Morbidity: Acute inflammatory exacerbation can result in anterior rupture (beneath the skin) or posteriorly (through the conjunctiva), forming a granuloma pyogenicum.

Race: No information about prevalence or incidence with respect to race is available.

Sex:

Male and females seem equally affected, but precise information about prevalence and incidence is not available.
Contrary to popular opinion, research has not shown that use of eyelid cosmetic products either causes or aggravates the condition.
Age: Chalazia occur in all age groups.

Chalazia are more common in adults than in children, as androgenic hormones increase sebum viscosity.
Although they are uncommon at extremes of age, pediatric cases may be encountered.
Hormonal influences on sebaceous secretion and viscosity may explain clustering at the time of puberty and during pregnancy. However, the large number of patients without evidence of hormonal alteration suggests that other mechanisms also apply.




CLINICAL Section 3 of 10
Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials Workup Treatment Medication Follow-up Miscellaneous Bibliography



History: Patients usually present with a short history of recent lid discomfort, followed by acute inflammation (eg, redness, tenderness, swelling). They frequently have a long history of previous similar occurrences, because chalazia tend to recur in predisposed individuals.

Physical: Chalazia are more common on the upper lid, where increased number and length of meibomian glands are present, than on the lower lid.

Chronic inspissation of the meibomian secretions may be apparent as meibomian gland dysfunction. This condition is characterized by pressure on the eyelids produce copious toothpaste-like secretions instead of the normal small amount of clear, oily secretion. Sebaceous dysfunction and obstruction elsewhere (eg, comedones, oily face) are the only associated features or specific general findings.

Rosacea, when present, may cause specific findings, such as facial erythema; telangiectatic and spider nevi on the malar, nasal, and lid skin; and rhinophyma.

Causes: Chalazia may arise spontaneously due to blockage of a gland orifice or due to an internal hordeolum. Chalazia are associated with seborrhea, chronic blepharitis, and acne rosacea.

Poor lid hygiene is occasionally associated with chalazia, though its causal role needs to be established. Although stress is often apparently associated with chalazia, it has not been proven as a cause, and the mechanism by which stress acts is unknown.

Answer 4

with increase in vitamin a diet