what kind of faults do you get on three phase systems and the effect they cause?

Answer 1

The most common fault in a three phase system is a single line to ground fault. This is when one of the lines contacts a ground. If the system is an ungrounded system (like most marine systems) you can continue to operate the system in this condition.
The next most common fault is a line to line fault - when two phases contact each other.
Next is a double line to ground fault - when two lines each contact the ground.
And lastly, the least common fault is a balanced three phase fault - when all three phases contact the ground. While uncommon, this can happen.

In all cases these faults are "short circuits" - the path of least resistance is through a fault, and not through the equipment you're attempting to power.

Check out some EE texts for more in-depth info. Your local library should have some basic books, and an engineering library will provide PLENTY of books.

Answer 2

Symmetrical, meaning when the fault is equal in magnitude to all three phases, for example short circuit. Current will reach a maximum untill interruption
Singular, meaning when the fault applies to one phase only, for example earth fault, usuall causes neutral spill or imbalance
And as a previous answer said loss of phase, whch usually and in effect, removes one of the three live phases, and cause neutral spill, and imbalance
Depending on what kind of fault occurs will determine how the supply or network will react, but usually if applied correctly, the upstream protection to the fault will isolate the faulted section. If the supply is of ring type design, then protection either side of the fault will operate and cause isolation.

Answer 3

depends on the system.
Single phasing is a common problem: when one phase drops out for some reason and the system continues to operate on the two remaining phases (at higher load and stressing the components).

Answer 4

You propose 3 section automobiles, transformers, that form of difficulty. Faults like earths, single phasing, harm down in insulation known reason for an earth). Bearing positioned on on automobiles inflicting rotor gaps to regulate. overheating generally led to via unfavorable air flow or overload. Contactor positioned on via start and struggling with. Starter faults. and that i'm no longer even an electrician.