what adaptations effect the ability of the prey to survive and reproduce in a simulation?

Answer 1

Camoflage
the development of internal toxins (taste bad),
the ability to run fast, to fly, to swim (escape mechanisms),
development of armor (like porcupine spines)
the ability to work together with others (fish schooling for example)
The ability to distract (octupus "ink", or the gecko dropping it's tail)

Many others as well. I'm not sure what your simulation is, so you'll have to match what fits best.

Answer 2

What is the simulation?

If you are picking up colored paper dots from a multicolored background, then the adaptation is the color that blends in.

Depending upon the simulation, it may be camouflage, the prey holding still, ....