What exactly is Artificial Intelligence?

Answer 1

Artificial Intelligence

A fascinating and extremely dynamic area in the realm of computer science that often stimulates remarkable horizons in human intelligence is Artificial Intelligence. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the application of human intelligence to computers that can sense an action and, based on logical assumptions and prior experiments, take an appropriate action to complete a specific task (Cashman, 2003, p. 11.28). Artificial Intelligence involves several branches including Robotics and Expert Systems.

Robotics
A robot is a computer – controlled device that can move and react to feedback from the outside world (Cashman, 2003, p.11.30). They have the capability to move as well as perform physical tasks. Robots may vary, ranging from humanoids (similar to humans) to industrial. The categories of robots include: mobile robots (such as autonomous vehicle), manipulator robots (such as industrial robots) and self - reconfigurable robots (which can change base on the task they are to perform). Robots can be controlled directly by humans, for example remotely – controlled – disposal robots, robotics arms or may react as a result of their own decision - making ability that is provided by Artificial Intelligence. Examples of common robots are shown below:

Expert Systems
Expert Systems are computer programs dedicated to solve problems and give advice within a specialized area of knowledge. This is the most advanced aspect of AI, and expert systems are widely used commercially. Uses of expert systems include medical diagnosis, chemical analysis, credit authorizations, financial management, corporate planning, document routing in financial institutions, oil and mineral prospecting, genetic engineering, automobile design and manufacture, camera lens design, computer installation design, airline scheduling, cargo placement, and the provision of an automatic customer help service for home computer owners Frenster, John H.(1989, May).

An Expert System consists of a set of rules and user-supplied data which interact through an inference engine, an expert or knowledge-based system that is able to derive or deduce new facts or data from existing facts and conditions. It is concerned with the concepts and methods of symbolic inference, or reasoning, by a computer, and how the knowledge used to make those inferences will be represented inside the machine. There are the two basic components of an expert system are a knowledge base and inference rules.

Answer 2

Artificial:
made by human skill; produced by humans (opposed to natural)

Intelligence:
The capacity to acquire and apply knowledge, especially toward a purposeful goal.

It is hard to define what Artificial Intelligence really is.
That topic seems to be ongoing.

To me, artificial intelligence occurs when 2 or more previously learned principles are used to solve a third goal. Without that, then intelligence is just repeating the actions or though patterns something else. The same way robots or software programs are designed to mimic menial human tasks.

An example of this would be the television for instance.
The creation of television is the result of applying the principles of plowing a field with electronics.

Another example is the Microwave. A person experienced a candy bar melting in his pocket when working with High frequencies. Combining those 2 facts, other things are heated.

If you really look back in time, that is how most everything has been invented or accomplished and we use these in everyday life to accomplish new tasks.

That's just my definition.

Answer 3

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence of machines and the branch of computer science which aims to create it. Major AI textbooks define the field as "the study and design of intelligent agents,"[1] where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions which maximize its chances of success.[2] John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1956,[3] defines it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines."[4]

The field was founded on the claim that a central property of human beings, intelligence—the sapience of Homo sapiens—can be so precisely described that it can be simulated by a machine.[5] This raises philosophical issues about the nature of the mind and limits of scientific hubris, issues which have been addressed by myth, fiction and philosophy since antiquity.[6] Artificial intelligence has been the subject of breathtaking optimism,[7] has suffered stunning setbacks[8] and, today, has become an essential part of the technology industry, providing the heavy lifting for the most difficult problems in computer science.

AI research is highly technical and specialized, so much so that some critics decry the "fragmentation" of the field.[9] Subfields of AI are organized around particular problems, the application of particular tools and around long standing theoretical differences of opinion. The central problems of AI include such traits as reasoning, knowledge, planning, learning, communication, perception and the ability to move and manipulate objects.[10] General intelligence (or "strong AI") is still a long term goal of (some) research.[11]

Answer 4

If you are asking in terms of video games, then it's just a fancy term for when you don't have a real person to play with, and play against a computerized opponent aka AI ( Artificial intelligence) or CPU.
According to wikipedia, Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be defined as the study of methods by which a computer can simulate aspects of human intelligence. One aim of this study is to design a computer that might be able to reason for itself.

Answer 5

It is used to describe computer programs which APPEAR to do something that was previously thought to need human intelligence. So it was used to set challenging programming problems

For about thirty years now, every advance in Artificial Intelligence to solve one of these problems has just been switched into mainstream computer programming. "Oh yes, we know how to do that now, it just needs a bit of clever programming, like this". None of it has shed any light on HOW humans actually think, but at the beginning it was believed that it would.

Answer 6

Intelligence may have a lot of definitions. One among them is the ability to think, react and respond to a situation. Humans have the tendency to learn, apply thought, learn from previous results and make correct decisions. Artificial intelligence (AI) is all about making machines intelligent by programming them to work as if they were human.

Artificial intelligence began in 1950 by a scientist Allen Newell as experimental field. Ever since, lots of innovations are happening in this field. Video games, robotics, medical diagnosis, toys and many more applications are based on Artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence minimizes the need for human intervention for applications where machines are programmed to act intelligently. Today computers can do innumerable tasks with intelligence with the help of necessary input from its user.

We live in a modern world where most of the sectors including banking, railways, telecommunications, airways, weather systems and lots more have been automated using Artificial intelligence. For instance, Artificial intelligence used in automated railway enquiry system provides information about the arrival or departure timings at different stations without human intervention when provided with proper inputs like train number, station code. Reservation availability can also be checked using the automated system. Tickets can be booked on a computer. Automated banking systems help detect credit card fraud, transfer money, check account balance and multiple other operations related to accounts maintenance.

Artificial intelligence became a boon to game developers. Lots of video games are thought to act according to the opponent’s moves. A computer chess game ‘Deep Blue’ has got the pride of having once defeated world champion Gary Kasparov. Artificial intelligence also helps physicians in medical diagnosis in prescribing treatments and also monitoring patients.



Apart from computer programming, robotics is yet another branch of Artificial intelligence. Robots are electro mechanical machines that can be programmed to accomplish specific tasks. The whole idea behind robotics is to replace human from performing monotonous as well as dangerous tasks. They are used in military, mining, research labs, automobile manufacturing industries, for precision cutting, detecting nuclear leaks, assisting in brain surgeries etc.

Answer 7

Artificial Intelligence is the intelligence that has been incorporated into a machine. It is artifical because the knowledge or capability to reason out is incorporated by humans as a compute program, hardwiring or by mechanical constructions (which was one in many mechanical machines like the analytical engine of olden times)
Artifical Intelligence can make machines reason out, make decisions in a logical manner just like we do.

Answer 8

Agree with the others.
An inherent issue though with simulating Intelligence is all the variables that surround how people think, talk, react, etc. A computer can never trully simulate human behaviour.

Answer 9

A.I is intelligence that comes from a non-organic source: Like computer programing.

Answer 10

It would be an android; an intelligent "lifeform" that someone made by artificial means.