I think I learned President is a life long title. Is this right and what other titles are life long?

Answer 1

President is life-long, so we would refer to President Carter and President Clinton. Judge is usually life-long, too. A Boy Scout who makes it to Eagle Scout is always an Eagle Scout, never a "former Eagle Scout." So film director Steven Spielberger is an Eagle Scout, for example.

Answer 2

Yes, it is. Many of the other American titles are "Former Senator" or similar, so it is semi-life long, given that the title changes, but is still used somewhat.