Which nutrients are broken down in the esophagus, stomach, and mouth?

Question

If you can please tell me how they are broken down!

Answer 1

In the mouth, amylase breaks down some starches.

The esophagus is a transport tube; food typically stays there for a few seconds as it passes to the stomach. Whatever was happening in the mouth continues in the esophagus.

The stomach is more complex. The stomach breaks down large molecules in food into smaller ones using gastric acid, preparing them for absorption by the small intestine. Other functions include partial protein digestion using the enzyme pepsin. Also the stomach absorbs water, some ions, and some lipid soluble compounds such as alcohol and caffeine. Vitamin B12 absorptionis dependent on a stomach glycoprotein called intrinsic factor.

Answer 2

Mouth: Foodstuffs are broken down mechanically by chewing and saliva is added as a lubricant. In some species, saliva contains amylase, an enzyme that digests starch.
Esophagus: A simple conduit between the mouth and stomach - clearly important but only marginally interesting compared to other regions of the tube.
Stomach: Where the real action begins - enzymatic digestion of proteins initiated and foodstuffs reduced to liquid form.
Liver: The center of metabolic activity in the body - its major role in the digestive process is to provide bile salts to the small intestine, which are critical for digestion and absorption of fats.
Pancreas: Important roles as both an endocrine and exocrine organ - provides a potent mixture of digestive enzymes to the small intestine which are critical for digestion of fats, carbohydrates and protein.
Small Intestine: The most exciting place to be in the entire digestive system - this is where the final stages of chemical enzymatic digestion occur and where almost almost all nutrients are absorbed.
Large Intestine: Major differences among species in extent and importance - in all animals water is absorbed, bacterial fermentation takes place and feces are formed. In carnivores, that's about the extent of it, but in herbivores like the horse, the large intestine is huge and of critical importance for utilization of cellulose.

Answer 3

everything begins being broken down in the mouth mechanically by teeth.
esophagus breaks down nothing, its just a conduit to the stomach.
stomach and mouth chemically breakdown carbohydrates completely, starting with saliva in mouth and then the acid and enzymes in the stomach complete the process. Fats and proteins barely begin chemical breakdown in the stomach only breaking protein into shorter strands, breaking fats into smaller globs. But fats and proteins require the enzymes in bile produced by liver and dumped into small intestines by gall bladder to break them down. That is why carbohydrates, even complex ones, go through us quickly, leaving us hungry in an hour and proteins and fat take much longer to digest, from 2-4 hours making it possible to make it to the next meal without chewing your hand off!.