simple biology question?

Question

can someone please tell me in ver simple word the difference between

1. a cell wall and a cell mambrane?

2.polar molecule and nonpolar molecule

3.prokaryote,eukaryote

4.chloroplast,mitochondrion,

5.cytoplasm,organelle


if you can answer any od these it would help alot please tell me which question you are answering to so i dont get them mixed up thanks!

Answer 1

Cell wall --- A cell wall is a fairly rigid layer surrounding a cell located outside of the cell membrane that provides additional support and protection.
Cell membrane ---- The cytoplasm of a cell is surrounded by a plasma membrane. The plasma membrane in plants and prokaryotes is usually covered by a cell wall. This membrane serves to separate and protect a cell from its surrounding environment and is made mostly from a double layer of lipids (hydrophobic fat-like molecules) and hydrophilic phosphorus molecules. Hence, the layer is called a phospholipid bilayer. It may also be called a fluid mosaic membrane.

Polar molecules --- Polar molecules are generally able to dissolve in water (hydrophilic) due to the polar nature of water - like dissolves like. Polar molecules have slightly positive and slightly negatively charged ends.Examples of household polar molecules include ammonia and sugar (glucose).
Non polar molecules ---Most non-polar molecules are water insoluble (hydrophobic) at room temperature. However many non-polar organic solvents, such as turpentine, are able to dissolve non-polar substances - like dissolves like.Examples of household non-polar compounds include fats, oil and petrol.

Prokaryote --- Prokaryotes are organisms without a cell nucleus (= karyon), or indeed any other membrane-bound organelles, in most cases unicellular (in rare cases, multicellular).prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) lack nuclei and other complex cell structures.
Eukaryote --- Animals ,plants, and protists are eukaryotes , organisms with a complex cell or cells, in which the genetic material is organized into a membrane-bound nucleus or nuclei. Animals, plants, and fungi are mostly multicellular. Many sorts of protist, however, are unicellular.

Chloroplast --- Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells and eukaryotic algae that conduct photosynthesis. Chloroplasts absorb sunlight and use it in conjunction with water and carbon dioxide to produce sugars. Chloroplasts capture light energy from the sun to conserve free energy in the form of ATP and reduce NADP to NADPH through a complex set of processes called photosynthesis.
Mitochondria ---- A mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a membrane-enclosed organelle, found in most eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria are sometimes described as "cellular power plants," because they convert food molecules into energy in the form of ATP via the process of oxidative phosphorylation.

Cytoplasm --- is a water-like substance that fills cells. The cytoplasm consists of cytosol and the cellular organelles, except the cell nucleus. The cytosol is made up of water, salts, organic molecules and many enzymes that catalyze reactions. The cytoplasm plays an important role in a cell, serving as a "molecular chowder" in which the organelles are suspended and held together by a fatty membrane. It is found within the plasma membrane of a cell and surrounds the nucleus and envelopes the organelles.
Organelle --- An organelle is a discrete structure of a cell having specialized functions. There are many types of organelles, particularly in the eukaryotic cells of higher organisms. An organelle is to the cell what an organ is to the body
A few organelles are
mitochondria , plastids (in plants and algae), chloroplasts , Chromoplasts, leucoplasts,Amyloplasts

Answer 2

Cell walls are found in plants, some bacteria, and fungus. They are not found in animal cells; if they were, we would be very rigid. Cell walls provided support for the cell. Cell membranes allow substances such as water, gasses, and nutrients to flow in and out of the cell.

Polarity has to do with the positive end of one molecule being attracted to the negative end of another. Water is a polar molecule with positive charges on one side and negative on the other
Molecules which have unequal bonds are non-polar and are usually not water soluable.
Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus (see bacteria) eukayrotes do.

Chloroplasts are the site for photosynthesis in autotrophic organisms. Mitochondria are the site of cellular respiration (where energy is released).

Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance in which the organelles (tiny organs that make up a cell) float.

Answer 3

These things are all related in that they are involved with moving things into and out of cells. I would do a specific search on each of the topics and read the long explanations. Homeostasis is a word that means keep everything the same. So anytime there is a change, homeostasis kicks in to get it back the way it was. It will take me at least an hour to answer all of these in a way that will make sense. I hope someone else can answer them faster. If not, try asking each of them separately.

Answer 4

1) cell wall -present in plants and some monerans
-absent in animals
-made up of pectin ,cellulose
-doesn't shrink or burst during exosmosis or endosmosis
cell membrane-present in all cells
-made up of phospholipid bilayer,protein,cholestrol,glycoprotein
-shrinks and burts during exosmosis or endosmosis
2) polar molecule-has a dipole moment
nonpolar molecule-has zero dipole moment
3)prokaryote-an primitive type of cell /organism
-no nucleus
-circular DNA
-70 s ribosomes
-no advanced organelles
-mesosme present
eukaryote- an advanced type of cell/organism
-nucleus present
-linear DNA
-chromosome present
-80s ribosome
-no mesosme
-advanced organelles present
4)chloroplast-for preparing food for plants
-site for photosynthesis
mitochondria-power house of cell
- site for respiration
5)cytoplasm-basic grond matter of every cell
-organelles are present in it
organelle-components present in the cytoplasm performing some function

Answer 5

these are microbiology questions not botany ,try placing this question in the proper category or under homework help yhou might get more answers

sorry I dont remember this stuff, though I should, and if I read my notes I'd remember