list me the medical applications of radioactive isotopes
2007-01-27 20:41:59 · 5 answers · asked by M sha 1 in Science & Mathematics ➔ Medicine
Medical application of radio isotops for:
A-Diagnosis (using radiocative traces)--> no pharmacological action , used in a low dose and short half lives
B-Treatment or theraputic(using radioactive sources)-->have a pharmacological action, used in a high dose and long half life
A-For diagnosis:
1-Isotop dilution technique(tech.)->for measuring Blood volume by useing RADIO IODINATED HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN
2-Isotop disappearance tech.->for measure half life of RBCs in case of hemolytic animea by using Cr51
#Normal RBC half life (30-33 days) but hemolytic (1-7days)
3-Isotop trnasfer rate tech.-> for determination the circulation time by using Na24
4-Isotop uptake tech.->for determination the function of the vital organs such as:
-Thyroid (using oral NaI131 )
-Liver (using i.v. rose bengal with I131)
-Renal function (using i.v. of rose bengal with I131 or iodohippurate with I131)
5-Scanning techn.-> for scanning organs
-as in uptake tech redioactive isotops for organs
+ RBCs labeled by Cr51 for scanning of SPLEEN
B-Theraputic application:
1-External radiation source:-
-Teletherapy source(Co60 and Cs137 for treatment(ttt) of lesions)
-Surface source(P32 and Sr90 for ttt bladder tumors
-Extracorporea irridiation source(Co60 and Y90 for irridiate blood to prevent the rejection of grafts)
2-Internal radiation source:-
-Implanted source(Co60 and Cs137 used interstital implants for ttt of certain tumors
-Locally injected source(# P32 injected intraperitoneally after surgical removal of ovarian cancer to kill any other cancerous cells and # Au198 and Y90 injected intra-articularly for ttt inflammed joints
-Selectively concentrated (conc.)source(# P32 selectively conc. in bones for ttt of exssive Erythrogenesis (polycythemia) and # I131 for ttt of hyperthyrodism
2007-01-30 07:54:12 · answer #1 · answered by Anonymous · 1⤊ 0⤋
Radioactive isotopes lodge at the same organs as non radioactive elements.Their concentration in organs and tissues can be measured. This study has both diagnostic and therapeutic value. Thorium mapping of heart demarcates areas in heart receiving enough blood as against areas not receiving it.. This information is more useful than an angiogram. Angiogram can say a block in blood vessels exists or not but Thorium mapping tells whether the block is compensated by natural bypass of collateral vessels.
Radioactive iodine gets concentrated in Thyroid proportionate to the activity of the gland. Hyperthyroid gland ascini are also destroyed by radioactive iodine.
Metabolism of any element ,compound or drug can be followed up in the body by making one element of the compound radioactive.
2007-01-27 21:02:07 · answer #2 · answered by J.SWAMY I ఇ జ స్వామి 7 · 1⤊ 0⤋
Graves disease by radio active isotope of Iodine, this the one that flew into my mind now, but i will search more.. i knew more
some radioactive isotopes r used in cancer therapy
2007-01-27 22:36:28 · answer #3 · answered by ♥ 3 · 0⤊ 0⤋
Radio isotopes are purely styles of factors that emit radiation. regularly, pharmaceutical researchers tag hydrogen of their drugs provided that's abundent (that's in each cellular of the physique), it decays harmlessly by utilising emitting alpha debris and can instruct the place the drug acculates and how long it may stay interior the physique. Radioactive iodine, is regularly used to decelerate the thyroid (it is going to desroy thyroid cells) with the aid of fact the thyroid collects iodine better than the different physique equipment. it incredibly is worry-unfastened scientific look after hyperthyroidism. additionally, non-radioactive iodine is offered as anti-radiation pills with the aid of fact the thyroid will saturate with the secure iodine and not acquire radioactive iodine, that's contemporary in fallout and uraniam decay. Radioactive thorium is used in cardiac stress-tests for comparable reasons.
2016-11-01 11:53:56 · answer #4 · answered by ? 4 · 0⤊ 0⤋
There are two major types of applications:
1. Tracers. For example, to trace blood flow.
2. Therapeutic agents in cancer therapy. This includes implanting a small amount in or next to a tumor to kill it.
I guess, forensics, such as diagostics of radiactive poisoning, may be added to the list as well.
2007-01-28 13:20:14 · answer #5 · answered by Eugene K 3 · 1⤊ 0⤋