What are the moons of the Saturn?

Answer 1

Atmospheric pressure 140 kPa saturn has 56 moons
Hydrogen >93%
Helium >5%
Methane 0.2%
Water vapour 0.1%
Ammonia 0.01%
Ethane 0.0005%
Phosphine 0.0001%


For computer-rendered images from Cassini: (realtime)




Three new moons discovered


Polydeuces


around Saturn by the Cassini spacecraft have been given provisional names. Two moons detected in August 2004 have been given the names Methone and Pallene, while another found in October has been provisionally named Polydeuces.
Polydeuces is about 5 kilometres across, and a `Trojan moon`, and found at the stable `"Lagrange points` , where the gravitational pull of Saturn and the large moon Dione, become balanced.
"Unlike Helene, Dione's other Trojan moon, Polydeuces can get as close as 39 degrees to Dione and then drift as far as 92 degrees from it, taking over two years to complete its journey around the Lagrange point."
Three more candidate objects (S/2004 S3, S/2004 S4, S/2004 S6) are still awaiting confirmation as moons.
Methone and Pallene circle Saturn between the orbits of Mimas and Enceladus.
Satellites in the Saturnian system are named after Greco-Roman Gods and they either have Gallic, Inuit or Norse names depending on their orbit group. Polydeuces was the twin brother of Castor, son of Zeus and Leda; he was also the brother of Helen of Troy.
Before October of 2003,
Uranus was the undisputed moon king of our solar system. But with a sudden barrage of discoveries last fall, twelve new moons were found orbiting the Ringed Planet. By the end of the year, Saturn was recognized as the planet with the largest known satellite family.
The discoverers and other scientists who have been tracking the newfound satellites, propose that the dozen tiny moons are probably the leftover pieces of three or four larger moons that were shattered into the tiny bodies seen orbiting Saturn today.
When they announced their new finds, astronomers Brett Gladman, J.J. Kavelaars, and Matthew Homan knew that the dozen moonlets were "irregular." The orbital oddballs travel around Saturn in long loops instead of round circles and don't lie in the same equatorial plane within which most of Saturn's other planets remain. Jupiter and Uranus are known to have several irregular satellites, but before last year, Saturn was thought to have only one, 220-kilometer-wide Phoebe.
In the past several months, several science teams have kept a watch on the newly discovered satellites to learn a little bit more about their unusual orbits. They have found that the moons tend to orbit Saturn in three or four distinct groups.
"We think we're seeing orbits cluster," said Carl Hergenrother, who has helped monitor and refine the moons' orbits using two large telescopes in Arizona.
"Orbits of several moons fall in the same general plane, just as asteroids cluster. And with asteroids that cluster, the belief is they are pieces of what once was a big asteroid that got hit by something. It's possible that we're seeing the same thing with the satellites."
Irregular moons are typically suspected of being former asteroids that were captured into orbit by the gravitational influence of their host planet. However, the common orbits among the small saturnian irregulars indicate that the moons are the remnants of larger moons that were shattered, perhaps by wandering comets or asteroids, while in orbit around Saturn. Before being broken apart, these parent bodies may have been captured asteroids pulled into the irregular orbits now shared by the smaller fragments left today.
for interactive Saturn moon calculator .
None of the twelve irregular moons discovered last year are likely to be any larger than 30 miles (50 kilometres) across. Gladman, Hergenrother, and their Nature co-authors suspect that more, smaller pieces of these larger moons may exist undetected. "Right now, we see irregular satellites as small as 3 kilometres around Saturn, but there may be many smaller than that," Hergenrother said. "These may go … all the way down to the size of dust. "
The Cassini spacecraft may help spot any smaller, unseen moons as well as resolve the dozen found last year after reaching Saturn in 2004. A few weeks before entering the orbit of Saturn, the Cassini spacecraft will fly by Phoebe and begin its landmark scientific mission.
The Cassini spacecraft is rapidly approaching Saturn. In July of this year, the huge spacecraft uses its engine to brake into orbit around the ringed world. As part of that mission, the European Space Agency Huygens probe will float to the surface of Saturn's largest moon, Titan, in January 2005
ESA’s Huygens spaceprobe will descend through the atmosphere of Saturn’s largest moon, becoming the first spacecraft to land on a body in the outer Solar System.
Latest News Here
This Cassini image
DIONE


was taken on December 15, 2004 and received on Earth December 15, 2004. The camera was pointing toward DIONE at approximately 81,339 kilometres away, and the image was taken using the CL1 and CL2 filters.
for computer-rendered views from the Cassini
Latest from Cassini Spaceprobe



Dec 13th



On 27 October,


Tethys


at about 10:30 UT, there was a close encounter with Tethys, another of the significant moons of Saturn. Tethys is a ball of solid ice about 1060 kilometres in diameter which orbits Saturn at a distance of 295 000 kilometres. The Cassini-Huygens spacecraft passed within 246 000 kilometres of this moon at a speed of 13.8 kilometres per second. At this distance the narrow-angle camera should be able to resolve features down to about 1.4 kilometres in size.
This image was taken on October 27, 2004 at approximately 667,666 km away, and the image was taken using the CL1 and CL2 filters.
Landing Site:
Landing Site:


Shown here are two images of the expected landing site of Cassini's Huygens probe, which will separate from the Cassini spacecraft on December 24. It will then take 22 days before Huygens begins its descent through Titan's atmosphere landing on January 15.

These images show the


Infrared Titan


surface of Titan at two different infrared wavelengths. They were captured by the visual and infrared mapping spectrometer onboard Cassini as the spacecraft flew by at an altitude of 1200 kilometres (745 miles) - Cassini's closest approach yet to the hazy moon. The image on the left, taken at a wavelength of 2 microns, is the most detailed picture to date of the Titan's surface. It reveals complex landforms with sharp boundaries, which scientists are eager to further study. The image on the right was taken at a wavelength of 1 micron and shows approximately what a digital camera might see.
This image shows Titan in


Ultraviolet and infrared Titan


ultraviolet and infrared wavelengths. It was taken by Cassini's imaging science subsystem on Oct. 26, 2004, and is constructed from four images acquired through different colour filters. Red and green colours represent infrared wavelengths and show areas where atmospheric methane absorbs light. These colours reveal a brighter (redder) northern hemisphere. Blue represents ultraviolet wavelengths and shows the high atmosphere and detached hazes.
Latest Cassini photograph!

Saturn and its rings completely fill the field of view of Cassini's narrow angle camera in this natural colour image taken on March 27, 2004. This is the last single 'eyeful' of Saturn and its rings achievable with the narrow angle camera on approach to the planet. From now until orbit insertion, Saturn and its rings will be larger than the field of view of the narrow angle camera.
Colour variations between atmospheric bands and features in the southern hemisphere of Saturn, as well as subtle Colour differences across the planet's middle B ring, are now more distinct than ever. Colour variations generally imply different compositions. The nature and causes of any compositional differences in both the atmosphere and the rings are major questions to be investigated by Cassini scientists as the mission progresses.
Saturn and its rings completely fill the field of view
The Cassini Division


The bright blue sliver of light in the northern hemisphere is sunlight passing through the Cassini Division in Saturn's rings and being scattered by the cloud-free upper atmosphere.
Two faint dark spots are visible in the southern hemisphere. These spots are close to the latitude where Cassini saw two storms merging in mid-March. The fate of the storms visible here is unclear. They are getting close and will eventually merge or squeeze past each other. Further analysis of such dynamic systems in Saturn's atmosphere will help scientists understand their origins and complex interactions.
Moons visible in this image are (clockwise from top right): Enceladus (499 kilometres or 310 miles across), Mimas (398 kilometres or 247 miles across), Tethys (1060 kilometres or 659 miles across) and Epimetheus (116 kilometres across). Epimetheus is dim and appears just above the left edge of the rings. Brightness have been exaggerated to aid visibility.
The image is a composite of three exposures, in red, green and blue, taken when the spacecraft was 47.7 million kilometres (29.7 million miles) from the planet. The image scale is 286 kilometres (178 miles) per pixel.
When a comet approaches within the Roche limit of a planet, the tidal forces overcome the internal forces and disrupt the comet. The broken pieces distribute into a ring shape. Two prominent rings (A and B) and one faint ring (C) can be seen from the Earth.
The Cassini division is the gap between the A and B rings. The much fainter gap in the outer part of the A ring is known as the Encke Division (but this is somewhat of a misnomer since it was very likely never seen by Encke).
The Voyager pictures show four additional faint rings. Saturn's rings, unlike the rings of the other planets, are very bright (albedo 0.2 - 0.6).
Though they look continuous from the Earth, the rings are actually composed of innumerable small particles each in an independent orbit. They range in size from a centimetre or so to several meters. Doppler measurements show that the rings are made of separate particles moving in circular orbits. High albedo means rings are typically made of ice.
Saturn's outermost ring, the F-ring, is a complex structure made up of several smaller rings along which "knots" are visible.
on March 19 2004 the Cassini spacecraft caught two storms in the act of merging into one larger storm.
This is only the second time this phenomenon has been observed on the ringed planet.

To Download: (Animated GIF (382 kB)). Wind-blown clouds and haze high in Saturn's atmosphere are captured in a movie made from images taken by the Cassini narrow angle camera between Feb. 15 and Feb. 19, 2004. The bright areas in these images represent high haze and clouds near the top of Saturn's troposphere. Cassini has three filters designed to sense different heights of clouds and haze in the planet's atmosphere. Any light detected by cameras using the 889-nanometer filter is reflected very high in the atmosphere, before the light is absorbed.
This images taken on March 12, 2004 by the Cassini-Huygens spacecraft show clumps seemingly embedded within Saturn's narrow, outermost F ring. The narrow angle camera took the images on Feb. 23, 2004, from a distance of 62.9 million kilometres (39 million miles). The two images taken nearly two hours apart show these clumps as they revolve about the planet. The small dot at centre right in the second image is one of Saturn's small moons, Janus, which is 181 kilometres, (112 miles) across. Like all particles in Saturn's ring system, these clump features orbit the planet in the same direction in which the planet rotates. This direction is clockwise as seen from Cassini's southern vantage point below the ring plane. Two clumps in particular, one of them extended, is visible in the upper part of the F ring in the image on the left, and in the lower part of the ring in the image on the right. Other knot-like irregularities in the ring's brightness are visible in the image on the right.
The core of the F ring is about 50 kilometres (31miles) wide, and from Cassini's current distance, is not fully visible. The imaging team enhanced the contrast of the images and magnified them to aid visibility of the F ring and the clump features. The camera took the images with the green filter, which is centred at 568 nanometers. The image scale is 377 kilometres (234 miles) per pixel.
NASA's two Voyager spacecraft that flew past Saturn in 1980 and 1981 were the first to see these clumps. The Voyager data suggest that the clumps change very little and can be tracked as they orbit for 30 days or more. No clump survived from the time of the first Voyager flyby to the Voyager 2 flyby nine months later. Scientists are not certain of the cause of these features. Among the theories proposed are meteoroid bombardments and inter-particle collisions in the F ring.
Full-Resalution:
Rings








This image taken
C ring


with the Cassini spacecraft narrow angle camera on Oct. 29, shows Saturn's outer C ring and it’s extreme variations in brightness, along with the subtle, large-scale wavy variations discovered 24 years ago by the Voyager spacecraft. The notably dark Maxwell gap (near upper right) contains the bright, narrow and eccentric Maxwell ringlet, similar to the narrow Uranian epsilon ring. The gap also contains another very faint ringlet newly discovered by Cassini.
UK scientists
New ring ( red)


using the Cassini probe have found a new ring and one, possibly two, new objects orbiting Saturn.
The discoveries are in the planet's contorted F-ring region. The ring of new material seems to be associated with Saturn's moon Atlas.
If confirmed, it will be the first UK detection of a moon since an outer moon of Jupiter was found in 1908.
If it is a moon, its diameter is estimated to be 4-5km (two to three miles) and it is located 1,000km (620 miles) from the F-ring, Saturn's outermost ring. This will raise the known number of moons of Saturn to 34.
A small new found object


S/2004 S 3


, temporarily designated S/2004 S 3, has been seen orbiting Saturn's outer F ring. The tiny object, seen in this movie (centred in a green box), orbits the planet at a distance of approximately 141,000 kilometres (86,420 miles) from the centre of Saturn. It`s nature, moon or clump, is not presently known.





The magnetospheric
Saturn


Imaging instrument onboard Cassini recently discovered a new radiation belt just above Saturn's cloud tops, up to the inner edge of the D-ring. Before this discovery, it was not anticipated that such a trapped ion population could be sustained inside the rings.
This new radiation belt extends around the planet. It was detected by the emission of fast neutral atoms created as its energetic ions interact with gas clouds in the same region.
Scientists have captured images
Titan plasma flow


of a radiation belt inside the rings of Saturn and have the clearest picture yet of the planet's giant magnetosphere.
The image of Saturn's magnetosphere was captured by the Ion and Neutral Camera (INCA), part of the Magnetospheric Imaging Instrument (MIMI) on NASA's Cassini spacecraft, shortly after Cassini entered the planet's orbit in July 20004. On June 20-21, 2004, as Cassini approached Saturn's orbit, the energetic neutral atom (ENA) emissions captured by INCA revealed that the magnetosphere rotated around the planet once about every 11 hours.
to read more
Scientists
Oxygen


monitoring the Cassini space probe have spotted a "dazzling outburst of oxygen" at one spot on Saturn's outermost "E ring”.
One possibility for the oxygen burst could be that a small moon-like object may have crashed into something else, obliterating the moonlet and leaving behind a fine mist of ice particles. The particles, in turn, were soon torn into hydrogen molecules and oxygen atoms by ions screaming through Saturn's magnetosphere.
The increase of oxygen, which was about 35 percent more than is usually found in the outermost rings, quickly disappeared over a period of about a month. It i believed that complex processes are regularly "eating" and replenishing the 100-million-year-old rings.
Nearly five billion years ago, the giant gaseous planets Jupiter and Saturn formed, apparently in radically different ways;
According to scientist at the University of California's Los Alamos National Laboratory who created exhaustive computer models based on experiments in which the element hydrogen was shocked to pressures nearly as great as those found inside the two planets. It seems as if heavy elements are concentrated in Saturn's massive core, while those same elements are mixed throughout Jupiter, with very little or no central core at all.
Methane found on Saturn plays crucial role in planet formation.
Using an infrared spectrometer on the Cassini-Huygens Spacecraft, Livermore, California researchers have measured the temperature, winds and chemical composition of Saturn, its rings and one of its moons, Phoebe.
The methane measurement shows that carbon is enriched on Saturn by seven times the amount found in the sun and two times the amount found on Jupiter, which is consistent with the rocky core hypothesis of giant planet formation. In this model, Jupiter and Saturn began formation by accreting cores of about 10-12 times the size of Earth’s mass of heavy elements, which, in turn, attracts the surrounding nebular gas in solar proportions.
to read more
Cassini's two close flybys of Enceladus have revealed that the moon has a significant atmosphere.
Cassini had its first encounter with Enceladus on Feb. 17 at an altitude of 1,167 kilometres, the magnetometer instrument saw a striking signature in the magnetic field. On March 9, Cassini approached to within 500 kilometres of the surface.
The observations showed a bending of the magnetic field, with the magnetospheric plasma being slowed and deflected by the moon. Magnetic field oscillations were also observed. Electrically charged (or ionized water vapour ) molecules are thought to interact with the magnetic field and spiral around the field lines. This interaction creates characteristic oscillations in the magnetic field at frequencies that identify the molecule as water vapour.
The source may be volcanism, geysers, or gases escaping from the surface or the interior.
This infrared colour image of Enceladus
Enceladus


was obtained by the Cassini visual infrared mapping spectrometer on March 9, 2005, when the Cassini spacecraft was 9,145 kilometres away from Enceladus.
Enceladus shows substantial differences in composition or, more likely, particle size on its surface. Redder areas correspond to larger grain sizes, and appear to be correlated with craters and ridged regions. The surface of Enceladus is nearly pure water ice; no other components have been identified yet.
Images returned from the Cassini space probe
Mystery


reveal a mystery in Saturn's rings. The unique close-up images show an unexplained clumping of material within the rings, which could help scientists understand how planets form.
"It almost looks like straw. I don't know what this is. I literally don't have a clue"
to go to the Cassini `latest picture` webpage.
Saturns Rings

for more
(122kb, 2672 x 970)Credit: NASA/JPL
Mystery








Saturn's Rings
Name Inner Radius Outer Radius width approximate position approximate mass (kg)
D-Ring 67,000 74,500 7,500 (ring)
Guerin Division
C-Ring 74,500 92,000 17,500 (ring) 1.1e18
Maxwell Division 87,500 88,000 500 (divide)
B-Ring 92,000 117,500 25,500 (ring) 2.8e19
Cassini Division 115,800 120,600 4,800 (divide)
Huygens Gap 117,680 (n/a) 285-440 (subdiv)
A-Ring 122,200 136,800 14,600 (ring) 6.2e18
Encke Minima 126,430 129,940 3,500 29%-53%
Encke Division 133,410 133,740
Keeler Gap 136,510 136,550
F-Ring 140,210 30-500 (ring)
G-Ring 165,800 173,800 8,000 (ring) 1e7?
E-Ring 180,000 480,000 300,000 (ring)
Notes: * distance is kilometres from Saturn's centre * the "Encke Minima" is an unofficial slang term used by amateur astronomers.

for interactive Saturn moon calculator .
Saturn's Known Satellites
Moon # Radius
(km) Mass
(kg) Distance
(km) Discoverer Date
Pan XVIII 9.655 ? 133,583 M. Showalter 1990
S/2005 S1 Daphnis 3.5 136,505 Cassini 2005
Atlas XV 20x15 ? 137,640 R. Terrile 1980
Prometheus XVI 72.5x42.5x32.5 2.7e+17 139,350 S. Collins 1980
Pandora XVII 57x42x31 2.2e+17 141,700 S. Collins 1980
Epimetheus XI 72x54x49 5.6e+17 151,422 R. Walker 1966
Janus X 98x96x75 2.01e+18 151,472 A. Dollfus 1966
Mimas I 196 3.80e+19 185,520 W. Herschel 1789
S/2004 S1
Methode XXXII 1.5 194,000 cassini 2004
S/2004 S2
Pallene XXXIII 2 211,000 cassini 2004
Enceladus II 250 8.40e+19 238,020 W. Herschel 1789
Tethys III 530 7.55e+20 294,660 G. Cassini 1684
Telesto XIII 17x14x13 ? 294,660 B. Smith 1980
Calypso XIV 17x11x11 ? 294,660 B. Smith 1980
Dione IV 560 1.05e+21 377,400 G. Cassini 1684
S/2004 S5
Polydeuces XXXIV 2.5 377,390 2004
Helene (co-orbital with Dione) XII 18x16x15 ? 377,400 Laques-Lecacheux 1980 1980 S6
Rhea V 765 2.49e+21 527,040 G. Cassini 1672
Titan VI 2,575 1.35e+23 1,221,850 C. Huygens 1655
Hyperion VII 205x130x110 1.77e+19 1,481,000 W. Bond 1848
Iapetus VIII 730 1.88e+21 3,561,300 G. Cassini 1671
Phoebe IX 110 4.0e+18 12,952,000 W. Pickering 1898
S/2000 S5 Kiviuq XXIV
7 ? 11,365,000 B. Gladman 2000
S/2000 S6 Ijiraq XXII
5 ? 11,440,000 J.J. Kavelaars, B. Gladman 2000
S/2000 S2 Paaliaq XX
9.5 ? 15,199,000 B. Gladman 2000
S/2000 S8 Skathi XXVII
3.2 ? 15,645,000 J.J. Kavelaars, B. Gladman 2000
S/2000 S11 Albiorix XXVI
13 ? 16,392,000 M. Holman, T.B. Spahr 2000
S/2000 S10 Erriapo XXVIII
4.3 ? 17,611,000 J.J. Kavelaars, B. Gladman 2000
S/2000 S3 Siarnaq XXIX
16 ? 18,160,000 B. Gladman, J.J. Kavelaars 2000
S/2000 S4 Tarvos XXI
6.5 ? 18,239,000 J.J. Kavelaars, B. Gladman 2000
S/2000 S9 Mundilfari XXV
2.8 ? 18,709,000 B. Gladman, J.J. Kavelaars 2000
S/2000 S12 Suttungr XXIII
2.8 ? 19.470,000 B. Gladman, J.J. Kavelaars 2000
S/2000 S7 Thrymr XXX
2.8 ? 20,470,000 B. Gladman, J.J. Kavelaars 2000
S/2000 S1 Ymir XIX
8 ? 23,096,000 B. Gladman 2000
S/2003 S1 Narvi XXXI
4 ? 18,719,000 S. Sheppard 2003
S/2006 S1 David Jewitt 2006
S/2006 S2 David Jewitt 2006
S/2006 S3 David Jewitt 2006
S/2006 S4 David Jewitt 2006
S/2006 S5 David Jewitt 2006
S/2006 S6 David Jewitt 2006
S/2006 S7 David Jewitt 2006
S/2006 S8 David Jewitt 2006
Possible New Satellites of Saturn


26th June 2006
8 more moons The Minor Planet Centre has listed nine (8 listed) more outer moons for Saturn.
They are all in retrograde orbits, with orbital periods of two to three years. S/2006 S1 to S/2006 S8 moons, were discovered with the eight meter Subaru telescope in Hawaii, by David Jewitt and company.
This brings the total count to 56 Saturnian moons

to read more (PDF)
May 4th 2005
moon S2004 S11


Astronomers have discovered 12 new moons orbiting Saturn, bringing its number of natural satellites to 46.
The moons are small, irregular bodies - probably only about 3-7km in size (assuming they have a surface albedo of 4%) - that are far from Saturn and take about two years to complete one orbit.
All but one circles Saturn in the opposite direction to its larger moons (a characteristic of captured bodies).
Jupiter is the planet with the most moons, 63 at the last count; Saturn now has 46. Uranus has 27 and Neptune 13.
The latest ones were found last year using the Subaru telescope in Hawaii. Confirmation observations were made using the Gemini North telescope, also situated in Hawaii.
The newly-found satellites were probably formed in the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, and scattered out of it by the tug of Jupiter's gravity.

New moons







Saturn Satellite Extra Data Name
a i e Peri Node M Period mag


(km) (deg) (deg) (deg) (deg)
(days)
----

Regular Satellites

Start of Inner most Ring (D) 66000
XVIII Pan S/1981 S3 133600 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 122.0 0.575 19
S/2005 S1 136505
XV Atlas S/1980 S28 137700 0.000 0.000 0.0 0.0 186.5 0.602 18.5
XVI Prometheus S/1980 S27 139400 0.000 0.002 212.8 0.0 335.7 0.613 15.5
XVII Pandora S/1980 S26 141700 0.000 0.004 68.2 0.0 13.9 0.629 16
XI Epimetheus S/1980 S3 (co-orbital with Janus) 151422 0.335 0.021 100.9 335.0 56.0 0.69 15
X Janus S/1980 S1 151472 0.165 0.007 27.9 303.8 236.5 0.70 14
I Mimas 185600 1.566 0.021 322.9 177.5 100.2 0.94 12.5
II Enceladus 238100 0.010 0.000 334.7 137.1 162.0 1.37 11.5
XIII Telesto S/1980 S13 294700 1.158 0.001 80.7 126.1 7.9 1.89 18
III Tethys 294700 0.168 0.000 149.2 149.2 28.8 1.89 10
XIV Calypso S/1980 S25 294700 1.473 0.001 43.6 09.2 201.8 1.89 18.5
IV Dione 377400 0.002 0.000 174.0 57.7 109.2 2.74 10
Polydeuces 0.1705 0.0182 2.74
XII Helene S/1980 S6 (co-orbital with Dione ) 377400 0.212 0.000 80.4 10.2 10.0 2.74 18

End of Outer most Ring (E) 480000
V Rhea 527100 0.327 0.001 205.9 1.095 238.7 4.518 9
VI Titan 1221900 1.634 0.029 172.7 44.05 192.1 15.95 8
VII Hyperion 1464100 0.568 0.018 262.1 273.9 52.96 21.28 14
VIII Iapetus 3560800 7.570 0.028 275.9 75.58 350.3 79.33 10.5

Irregular Groups

S/2000 S5 Kiviuq 11365000 46.16 0.334 82.87 359.5 221.2 449.2 22.0

S/2000 S6 Ijiraq 11440000 46.74 0.322 85.46 136.4 64.55 451.5 22.6
IX Phoebe 12944300 174.8 0.164 337.5 237.1 174.6 548.2 16

S/2000 S2 Paaliaq 15199000 45.13 0.364 238.3 327.2 352.0 686.9 21.3

S/2000 S8 Skathi 15647000 152.7 0.270 201.8 284.0 144.6 728.9 23.6

S/2000 S11 Albiorix 16404000 33.98 0.478 55.48 102.3 58.72 783.5 20.5

S/2000 S10 Erriapo 17616000 34.45 0.474 282.1 150.8 323.2 871.9 23.0

S/2000 S3 Siarnaq 18160000 45.56 0.295 65.44 47.09 224.6 893.1 20.1

S/2000 S4 Tarvos 18247000 33.51 0.536 273.5 102.9 283.6 925.6 22.1

S/2000 S9 Mundilfari 18709000 167.5 0.208 310.1 83.51 108.3 951.4 23.8

S/2003 S1 Narvi 18719000 134.6 0.352 178.5 182.3 203.7 956.2 24.0

S/2000 S12 Suttungr 19463000 175.8 0.114 35.73 228.4 340.1 1016.3 23.9

S/2000 S7 Thrymr 20382000 175.8 0.470 63.45 223.9 18.03 1086.9 23.9

S/2000 S1 Ymir 23096000 173.1 0.333 22.58 194.0 244.1 1312.4 21.7
S/2004 S07 19800000 165.1 0.580 00.00 000.0 000.0 1103 24.5
S/2004 S08 22200000 168.0 0.213 00.00 000.0 000.0 1355 24.6


New Satellites announced in 2005 and yet to be named S/2004 S07 19800000 165.1 0.580 00.00 000.0 000.0 1103 24.5 6 2004
S/2004 S08 22200000 168.0 0.213 00.00 000.0 000.0 1355 24.6 6 2004
S/2004 S09 19800000 157.6 0.235 00.00 000.0 000.0 1077 24.7 5 2004
S/2004 S10 19350000 167.0 0.241 00.00 000.0 000.0 1026 24.4 6 2004
S/2004 S11 16950000 41.0 0.336 00.00 000.0 000.0 822 24.1 6 2004
S/2004 S12 19650000 164.0 0.401 00.00 000.0 000.0 1048 24.8 5 2004
S/2004 S13 18450000 167.4 0.273 00.00 000.0 000.0 906 24.5 6 2004
S/2004 S14 19950000 162.7 0.292 00.00 000.0 000.0 1081 24.4 6 2004
S/2004 S15 18750000 156.9 0.180 00.00 000.0 000.0 1008 24.2 6 2004
S/2004 S16 22200000 163.0 0.135 00.00 000.0 000.0 1271 25.0 4 2004
S/2004 S17 18600000 166.6 0.259 00.00 000.0 000.0 986 25.2 4 2004
S/2004 S18 19650000 147.4 0.795 00.00 000.0 000.0 1052 23.8 7 2004

New Satellites announced in 2006 and yet to be named S/2004 S19 18217125 153.3 0.360 00.00 000.0 000.0 912 23.5 8 2004
S/2006 S1 18981135 154.2 0.130 00.00 000.0 000.0 970 24.6 6 2006
S/2006 S2 22350000 148.4 0.341 00.00 000.0 000.0 1245 23.9 7 2006
S/2006 S3 21132000 150.8 0.471 00.00 000.0 000.0 1142 24.6 6 2006
S/2006 S4 18105000 172.7 0.374 00.00 000.0 000.0 905 24.4 6 2006
S/2006 S5 23190000 166.5 0.139 00.00 000.0 000.0 1314 24.6 6 2006
S/2006 S6 18600000 162.9 0.192 00.00 000.0 000.0 942 24.7 6 2006
S/2006 S7 22290000 166.9 0.368 00.00 000.0 000.0 1237 24.8 6 2006
S/2006 S8 17610000 155.6 0.418 00.00 000.0 000.0 869 24.5 6 2006


a - The mean semi-major axis.
i - The mean inclination.
e - The mean eccentricity.
Peri - The argument of Pariaphis.
Node - The longitude of the ascending node.
M - The mean anomaly.
Period - The time of one revolution around Jupiter.
mag - The optical magnitude of the object (R-band).
Extra Data
The Voyager 1 flyby of Saturn took place on 12 November 1980 at 23:46 UTC with the spacecraft closest approach only 184300 kilometres from the center of Saturn. Among the highlights of the encounter were the separate encounter with Titan, discovery of intricate patterns within the ring system, and observation of variations among the many moons of Saturn.
The Voyager 2 closest approach to Saturn was on 26 August 1981 at 03:24 UTC and at a distance of 161000 km from the
centre of Saturn. The trajectory was chosen so that the spacecraft could obtain a gravitational assist from Saturn and continue on to Uranus; the timing was selected to provide better views of several satellites than had been obtained from Voyager 1. Design of science sequences was influenced by Voyager 1 results. However, the scan platform seized temporarily 110 minutes after Saturn closest approach, causing the central computer to disable further commands and resulting in loss of some data.
Control was gained again three days later. A gyroscope calibration error between closest approach and five hours later also caused loss of data.
Scan platform activities ended on 5 September 1981.

Latest Astronomy News Here
Planet Sky-Maps






Mimas

Enceladus

Tethys

Dione

Rhea

Titan

Hyperion

Iapetus
UT: 8:23:35 - 2007/1/23
Time Zone: -5.5

Planet RA DEC
Mercury: 21h 4m -18° 41'
Venus: 21h 46m -15° 7'
Sun: 6h 0m -66° 34'
Mars: 18h 19m -23° 53'
Jupiter: 16h 44m -21° 35'
Saturn: 9h 42m 15° 4'
Uranus: 22h 56m -7° 36'
Neptune: 21h 25m -15° 24'
Pluto: 17h 49m -16° 29'

Answer 2

Saturn has 31 officially recognized and named satellites
The following table summarizes the radius, mass, distance from the planet center, discoverer and the date of discovery of each of the confirmed satellites of Saturn:

Moon # Radius
(km) Mass
(kg) Distance
(km) Discoverer Date
Pan XVIII 9.655 ? 133,583 Mark R. Showalter 1990
S/2005 S1 7 ? 136,530 Cassini Spacecraft 2005
Atlas XV 20x15 ? 137,640 R. Terrile 1980
Prometheus XVI 72.5x42.5x32.5 2.7e+17* 139,350 S. Collins & others 1980
Pandora XVII 57x42x31 2.2e+17* 141,700 S. Collins & others 1980
Epimetheus XI 72x54x49 5.6e+17* 151,422 R. Walker 1980
Janus X 98x96x75 2.01e+18* 151,472 Audouin Dollfus 1966
Mimas I 198.6 +- 0.6 3.84E+19 185,520 William Herschel 1789
Enceladus II 249.4 +- 0.2 8.65E+19 238,020 William Herschel 1789
Tethys III 529.9 +- 1.5 6.176E+20 294,660 Giovanni Domenico Cassini 1684
Telesto XIII 17x14x13 ? 294,660 B. Smith & others 1980
Calypso XIV 17x11x11 ? 294,660 B. Smith & others 1980
Dione IV 559. +- 5 1.0959E+21 377,400 Giovanni Domenico Cassini 1684
Helene XII 18x16x15 ? 377,400 P. Laques & J. Lecacheus 1980
Rhea V 764. +- 4 2.3166E+21 527,040 Giovanni Domenico Cassini 1672
Titan VI 2575.5 +- 2 1.345426E+23 1,221,850 Christiaan Huygens 1655
Hyperion VII 205x130x110 1.77E+19 1,481,000 William Cranch Bond 1848
Iapetus VIII 730 1.88E+21 3,561,300 Giovanni Domenico Cassini 1671
Kiviuq XXIV 7 11,365,000 B. Gladman 2000
Ijiraq XXII 5 11,442,000 J.J. Kavelaars, B. Gladman 2000
Phoebe IX 115 x 110 x 105 4E+18 12,952,000 William Henry Pickering 1898
Paaliaq XX 9.5 15,198,000 B. Gladman 2000
Skathi XXVII 3.2 15,641,000 J.J. Kavelaars, B. Gladman 2000
Albiorix XXVI 13 16,394,000 M. Holman, T.B. Spahr 2000
Erriapo XXVIII 4.3 17,604,000 J.J. Kavelaars, B. Gladman 2000
Siarnaq XXIX 16 18,195,000 B. Gladman, J.J. Kavelaars 2000
Tarvos XXI 6.5 18,239,000 J.J. Kavelaars, B. Gladman 2000
S/2003 S1 3.3 18,719,000 S.S. Sheppard 2003
Mundilfari XXV 2.8 18,722,000 B. Gladman, J.J. Kavelaars 2000
Suttungr XXIII 2.8 19,465,000 B. Gladman, J.J. Kavelaars 2000
Thrymr XXX 2.8 20,219,000 B. Gladman, J.J. Kavelaars 2000
Ymir XIX 8 23,130,000 B. Gladman 2000

Answer 3

The dozens of moons orbiting Saturn vary drastically in shape, size, age and origin. Some of these moons have rocky surfaces, while others are porous, icy bodies. Many have craters, ridges and valleys, and some show evidence of tectonic activity. Some appear to have formed billions of years ago, while others appear to be pieces of a bigger, fragmented body. The most interesting one is Titan, the biggest of them all. Larger than Earth's Moon, Titan even has its own thick atmosphere -- the only natural satellite in the Solar System with such a luxury. During its four-year mission in this immense region, the Cassini spacecraft will extensively photograph many of these moons and collect data that will increase our understanding of their composition.

To date, 35 moons have been officially named. In alphabetic order, they are: Albiorix, Atlas, Calypso, Daphnis, Dione, Enceladus, Epimetheus, Erriapo, Helene, Hyperion, Iapetus, Ijiraq, Janus, Kiviuq, Methone, Mimas, Mundilfari, Narvi, Paaliaq, Pallene, Pan, Pandora, Phoebe, Polydeuces, Prometheus, Rhea, Siarnaq, Skadi, Suttung, Tarvos, Telesto, Tethys, Thrym, Titan and Ymir.

Astronomers keep finding new moons, both using ground-based observatories and cameras onboard Cassini.

Answer 4

Saturn is currently known to have 56 moons, many of which were discovered very recently, and 3 additional un-confirmed, hypothetical moons.

Answer 5

Saturn has 12 moons.
moon 1
moon 2
moon 3
moon 4
moon 5
.
.
.
moon 12

Answer 6

there are 18 moons that we know about right now

Answer 7

There are seven. Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, Titan and Iapetus

Answer 8

Saturn actually has 31 known moons. Please click here and scroll down for all the information you may need.

http://filer.case.edu/~sjr16/advanced/saturn_moons.html

Answer 9

Its over 30 and with new technology we are finding more all teh time

Answer 10

What I see is that consistently there are problems with self-esteem and self-love, and that this often results in just what you are reporting. Not always, but often.

Answer 11

There are 21 moons of the saturn but i am telling you about only 18 moons:-
1) PAN
Pan is the closest known moon to Saturn's surface. It was discovered by Mark R. Showalter in 1990, by looking at pictures sent back from Voyager. Because Pan is very small, and so far away, there is not much we know about it.

This moon was named after the god of woods, fields, and flocks, having a human body and head, and a goat's legs, horns, and ears.

2)ATLAS
Atlas is the second of Saturn's moons. Discovered in 1980 by R. Terrile, it orbits Saturn just to the side of the A Ring. This makes Atlas a shepherd moon. Atlas was also known by the name Hercules in mythology.

3)Prometheus
Prometheus, which was discovered by S. Collins and others in 1980, is the inner shepherd satellite of Saturn's F ring. Prometheus was named after a man who stole fire from Olympus and gave it to humankind in Greek mythology. It is the third closest moon to the surface of Saturn.

4)PANDORA
The outer shepherd moon of the F Ring is named Pandora. This small moon was discovered in 1980 by Collins. The name Pandora comes from Greek mythology. She was the first woman, sent to Earth by Jupiter as a punishment for Prometheus' theft of fire. According to the story, Jupiter sent her to Earth with a box of all the problems and sicknesses of life. She opened the box out of curiosity, releasing all these ills on humankind.

5)Epimetheus
Epimetheus is the fifth moon from Saturn's Surface. It was discovered by Walker, Fountain and Larson first in 1966, and then again in 1977. In 1966 it was confused with Janus, another of Saturn's moons. Epimetheus and Janus are very interesting moons. They actually trade places with each other every 4 years.

In Greek mythology Epimetheus was the husband of Pandora.

6)Janus
Janus was discovered by the French astronomer Audouin Dollfus in 1966. The name Janus comes from the Greek god of gates and doors. Janus is also the root of the name January.

7)Mimas
Mimas reveals a striking resemblance to the popular film Star Wars Death Star. It is for that reason nick named by astronomers "The Death Star"

The large crater which you can see is named Herschel. It is so big compared to the size of Mimas, that what ever hit the moon probably just about tore it apart.

Notice how round Mimas is. This is because it is big enough that its gravity can pull the material into a globe. Many of Saturn's moons are too small to be pulled into balls.

Mimas was discovered in 1789 by William Herschel. This moon was named after one of the Titans slain by Hercules.

8)Enceladus
The eighth moon orbiting Saturn is Enceladus. In Greek mythology Enceladus was a Titan who was defeated in battle and buried under Mount Etna by Athena. Discovered in 1789 by William Herschel, Enceladus is the brightest object besides the Sun in the Solar System. Of course on Earth we can not see it at all without a telescope. This is because it is small, and far away.

The smooth Surface of Enceladus tells scientists that it has recently been active. Scientists do not know for sure whether it is water, volcanic, or other material that as erupted in the last 100 million years giving this moon such a smooth face.

9)Tethys
Tethys is like a giant ice cube in the sky. It is almost pure water Ice. At one time long ago it was liquid. It would have been a giant ocean, with no land, and no sea bed. Or like a giant blob of water floating in the sky.

In Greek mythology Tethys was a Titaness and sea goddess who was both sister and wife of Oceanus.

This moon was discovered by Cassini in 1684.

10)Telesto
The tenth world orbiting Saturn is named Telesto. Telesto was discovered in 1980 by Smith, Reitsema, Larson and Fountain. Telesto is one of the smallest moons in the Solar System.

In Greek mythology Telesto was a daughter of Oceanus and Tethys.

11)Calypso
Discovered by Pascu, Seidelmann, Baum and Currie in 1980, Calypso was named for a sea nymph who delayed Odysseus on her island for seven years. Like Telesto, Calypso is one of the smallest moons in the Solar System.

12)Dione
The twelfth moon from Saturn is named Dione. This world was discovered in 1684 by Cassini. Dione is the densest, or heaviest of Saturn's moons.

Dione was the mother of Venus in Greek Mythology.

13)Helene
Helene is the thirteenth of Saturn's moons. It was discovered by Lecacheux and Laques in 1980. Not much is known about this moon.

Helene was an Amazon who fought with Achilles, in Greek Mythology.

14)Rhea
Rhea is the Second largest of Saturn's Moons. In Greek Mythology Rhea was the wife of Saturn, and the mother of Neptune, Jupiter, and Pluto.

This world was discovered in 1672 by Cassini.

15)Titan
Discovered by Huygens in 1655, Titan is the largest moon orbiting Saturn, and the second largest moon in the Solar System. It is bigger in diameter then both the planets Mercury and Pluto.

It contains an atmosphere far thicker than even that of the Earth. unfortunately scientists don't know very much about this world, because they have not yet been able to penetrate its thick clouds to photograph its surface.

16)Hyperion
Saturn's Sixteenth moon was discovered by Bond and Lassell in 1848. Hyperion is the largest object in the Solar System that is not ball shaped. its size and shape tells scientists that it probably used to be part of a larger rounder moon, which somehow broke apart.

In mythology Hyperion was the son of Earth and Uranus.

17)Iapetus
Iapetus which was discovered by Cassini in 1671, is another world made up almost entirely of water ice. Most of Saturn's moons orbit the planet on the same plane, the plain of the planet's equator. This ice cube does not however follow the same path that Saturn's other moons follow. Instead it orbits Saturn from top to bottom.

In mythology Iapetus was the son of Uranus. He was also an ancestor to the Human Race.

18)Phoebe
Phoebe is 4 times more distant from Saturn than Iapetus its nearest neighbor. This small world was discovered by Pickering in 1898. Phoebe is much darker than most of the other moons of Saturn, and like Iapetus it orbits Saturn nearly top to bottom instead of around its equator Both of these facts lead scientists to believe that phoebe is probably a captured asteroid, or comet.

In mythology Phoebe is the daughter of Uranus, and Earth.