When was Hiv/Aids discovered, who discovered it, and what tests are used to determine if a person is infected?

Answer 1

The AIDS epidemic was discovered June 5, 1981, when the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported a cluster of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (now classified as Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia) in five homosexual men in Los Angeles.[8] The disease was originally dubbed GRID, or Gay-Related Immune Deficiency, but health authorities soon realized that nearly half of the people identified with the syndrome were not homosexual men. In 1982, the CDC introduced the term AIDS to describe the newly recognized syndrome, though it was still casually referred to as GRID.

In 1983, scientists led by Luc Montagnier at the Pasteur Institute in France first discovered the virus that causes AIDS.[9] They called it lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV). A year later a team led by Robert Gallo of the United States confirmed the discovery of the virus, but they renamed it human T lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III).[10] The dual discovery led to considerable scientific disagreement, and it was not until President Mitterrand of France and President Reagan of the USA met that the major issues were resolved. In 1986, both the French and the US names for the virus itself were dropped in favour of the new term, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

HIV-1 testing consists of initial screening with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect antibodies to HIV-1. Specimens with a nonreactive result from the initial ELISA are considered HIV-negative unless new exposure to an infected partner or partner of unknown HIV status has occurred.

Answer 2

"The AIDS epidemic was discovered June 5, 1981, when the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported a cluster of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (now classified as Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia) in five homosexual men in Los Angeles"

"HIV-1 testing consists of initial screening with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect antibodies to HIV-1. Specimens with a nonreactive result from the initial ELISA are considered HIV-negative unless new exposure to an infected partner or partner of unknown HIV status has occurred. Specimens with a reactive ELISA result are retested in duplicate.[78] If the result of either duplicate test is reactive, the specimen is reported as repeatedly reactive and undergoes confirmatory testing with a more specific supplemental test (e.g., Western blot or, less commonly, an immunofluorescence assay (IFA)). Only specimens that are repeatedly reactive by ELISA and positive by IFA or reactive by Western blot are considered HIV-positive and indicative of HIV infection. Specimens that are repeatedly ELISA-reactive occasionally provide an indeterminate Western blot result, which may be either an incomplete antibody response to HIV in an infected person, or nonspecific reactions in an uninfected person.[79] Although IFA can be used to confirm infection in these ambiguous cases, this assay is not widely used. Generally, a second specimen should be collected more than a month later and retested for persons with indeterminate Western blot results. Although much less commonly available, nucleic acid testing (e.g., viral RNA or proviral DNA amplification method) can also help diagnosis in certain situations.[78] In addition, a few tested specimens might provide inconclusive results because of a low quantity specimen. In these situations, a second specimen is collected and tested for HIV infection."

Answer 3

It was what is called a 'Cross release virus'. It was always known to exist and is reported as early as the 1800's but only in primates. It crossed over to the human species by means of infected bites in the asian continent and spread from there during the early 19'00s. It is a lot like the cold virus and has the ability to mutate and become tolarant to drugs and anti bodies. It is detected in the blood by the simple means of looking through a microscope. I'm not sure who discovered it origionally or determined its release but i obtained the above info from wikopedia.

Answer 4

Gosh, what a question. My Nana used to refer to her time living in Africa (after AIDS was 'discovered' in the early 80's) and even then said it was the same disease she had seen prevalant many years before. Officially, I guess it was the 80's when the majority became aware. Also, a blood test can reveal if you are HIV positive - the pre-cursor to AIDS (something to do with your blood count)

Answer 5

I can use my phone to make calls and receive calls but I just don't know about using it for internet and I dislike texting so there are a lot of things that my phone will do that I really don't care about but I figured out how to take pics since I might need it someday to verify something. I bought a computer hand-held organizer one time and I went back to my manual day-planner b/c it took twice as long to use the computer. :-) Peace y'all

Answer 6

It was brought over by monkeys - it is actually a monkey disease but got transmitted to humans. Blood tests check for infection.

Answer 7

Its discoverd in the 1980's, not sure by whom but to date 52million are infected with the virus and 20million have died from it