Can anyone explain the British school system to me? How does it compare to the United States?

Question

For example, what is Kindergarten called there? What are elementary schools called? Middle? High? Do they stop at 12th grade as well?

Answer 1

In Britain, Scotland has an education system of its own. I can tell you about that.

Kindergarten is called nursery school (age 3-5)
Elementary school = primary school (age 5-12) [P1 - P7]
High school = high school or secondary school (age 12-18) [S1 - S6, but you can leave after S4 at age 16 if you want]

England has middle schools and sixth form colleges and all manner of things that are beyond me!

Answer 2

Well for one thing, they teach English there.