neutrons and protons
2007-01-07 01:02:00
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answer #1
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answered by ? 5
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In chemistry and physics, an atom (Greek á¼ÏÎ¿Î¼Î¿Ï or átomos meaning "indivisible") is the smallest particle of a chemical element that retains its chemical properties. (átomos is usually translated as "indivisible." Until the advent of quantum mechanics, dividing a material object was invariably equated with cutting it.) Whereas the word atom originally denoted a particle that cannot be cut into smaller particles, the atoms of modern parlance are composed of subatomic particles:
electrons, which have a negative charge, a size which is so small as to be currently unmeasurable, and which are the least heavy (i.e., massive) of the three;
protons, which have a positive charge, and are about 1836 times more massive than electrons; and
neutrons, which have no charge, and are about 1838 times more massive than electrons.
Protons and neutrons make up a dense, massive atomic nucleus, and are collectively called nucleons. The electrons form the much larger electron cloud surrounding the nucleus.
Atoms can differ in the number of each of the subatomic particles they contain. Atoms of the same element have the same number of protons (called the atomic number). Within a single element, the number of neutrons may vary, determining the isotope of that element. The number of electrons associated with an atom is most easily changed, due to the lower energy of binding of electrons. The number of protons (and neutrons) in the atomic nucleus may also change, via nuclear fusion, nuclear fission or radioactive decay, in which case the atom is no longer the same element it was.
Atoms are electrically neutral if they have an equal number of protons and electrons. Atoms which have either a deficit or a surplus of electrons are called ions. Electrons that are furthest from the nucleus may be transferred to other nearby atoms or shared between atoms. By this mechanism atoms are able to bond into molecules and other types of chemical compounds like ionic and covalent network crystals.
Atoms are the fundamental building blocks of chemistry, and are conserved in chemical reactions.
2007-01-07 10:44:04
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answer #2
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answered by A 4
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Atoms are made up of protons and neutrons but there is always a nucleus in the middle of the atom and the protons and neutrons always congregate around that necleus
2007-01-07 09:06:57
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answer #3
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answered by Anna W 2
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A part or particle considered to be an irreducible constituent of a specified system.
Is the smallest particle of a chemical element, it use to be indivisible.
And has the following elements:
* electrons, which have a negative charge, a size which is so small as to be currently unmeasurable, and which are the least heavy (i.e., massive) of the three;
* protons, which have a positive charge, and are about 1836 times more massive than electrons; and
* neutrons, which have no charge, and are about 1838 times more massive than electrons.
if you want to read more go to wikipedia
2007-01-07 09:10:45
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answer #4
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answered by Anonymous
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atoms r smallest particle these r made up of protons(positively charged) and neutrons(neutral) and electrons(negatively charged) r revolving around it.... protons and neutrons together r called nucleons..
then go to www.wikipedia.com
u will get more information understand it,imagine u will understand...gud luck
2007-01-07 10:05:05
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answer #5
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answered by charming_girl 2
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Subatomic particles
Neutrons protons and electrons
Quark Strangeness and Charm
Vibrations of Energy and Light
2007-01-07 09:06:36
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answer #6
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answered by fisneaky 2
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Mostly, they consist of empty space!
The subatomic particles are in the nucleus (*protons* and *neutrons*) or in the *electron* orbitals.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atom
.
2007-01-07 09:01:58
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answer #7
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answered by Jerry P 6
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Protons, electrons & neutrons... Had a job getting my head around that stuff in Science class at school... Ick!!!
2007-01-07 09:03:55
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answer #8
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answered by Anonymous
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Lots of smaller particles, such as protons, electrons, neutrons, neutrinos, and too many others to list here.
2007-01-07 09:03:07
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answer #9
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answered by PragmaticAlien 5
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protons nuetrons and electrons
how many of each determes what the atom is
2007-01-07 09:02:25
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answer #10
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answered by ? 4
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