Chinese New Year (Simplified Chinese: æ¥è, or ååæ°å¹´; Traditional Chinese: æ¥ç¯, or è¾²ææ°å¹´; pinyin: ChÅ«njié, or Nónglì xÄ«nnián), or the Spring Festival/Lunar New Year is the most important of the traditional Chinese holidays. It is 15 days starting on from the first day of the first lunar month (æ£æ Zheng Yue) of the Chinese calendar. The Chinese New Year period ends with å
宵è ï¼Yuan Xiao Jie), on the fifteenth day of the festival.
It is possible that the beginning of the year began with month 1 during the Xia Dynasty, month 12 during the Shang Dynasty, and month 11 during the Zhou Dynasty in China, but intercalary months were added after month 12 during both the Shang Dynasty according to surviving oracle bones and the Zhou Dynasty according to Sima Qian. The first Emperor of China Qin Shi Huang changed the beginning of the year to month 10 in 221 BC. Whether the New Year was celebrated at the beginning of these months or at the beginning of month 1 or both is unknown. In 104 BC, Emperor Wu established month 1 as the beginning of the year where it remains.
According to legend, in ancient China, Nian ("Nyan"), a man-eating beast from the mountains, could infiltrate houses silently to prey on humans. The people later learned that Nian was sensitive to loud noises and the color red, so they scared it away with explosions, fireworks and the liberal use of the color red. So "Guo Nian" actually means "Surviving the Nian". These customs led to the first New Year celebrations.
"ChuXi" or é¤å¤ in Mandarin Chinese. "Chu" means "get rid of" and "Xi" is the day of the legendary man-eating beast, Nian, that preys once a year on New Year Eve. When Nian arrived, people used firecrackers to scare him away. Once Nian ran away, people joined together to celebrate for another year of safe life.
Celebrated internationally in areas with large populations of ethnic Chinese. Chinese New Year is considered to be a major holiday for the Chinese as well as ethnic groups who were strongly influenced by Chinese culture. This includes Japanese, Koreans, Miao (Chinese Hmong), Mongolians, Vietnamese, Tibetans, the Nepalese and the Bhutanese (see Losar).
Chinese New Year is also the time when the largest human migration takes place when overseas Chinese all around the world return home on the eve of Chinese New Year to have reunion dinners with their families.
The dates of the Spring Festival from 1996 to 2019 (in the Gregorian calendar) are listed below with pinyin romanizations for the earthly branches associated with the animals, which are not their translations.
Animal Branch Dates
Rat Zi February 19, 1996 February 7, 2008
Ox Chou February 7, 1997 January 26, 2009
Tiger Yin January 28, 1998 February 14, 2010
Rabbit Mao February 16, 1999 February 3, 2011
Dragon Chen February 5, 2000 January 23, 2012
Snake Si January 24, 2001 February 10, 2013
Horse Wu February 12, 2002 January 31, 2014
Goat Wei February 1, 2003 February 19, 2015
Monkey Shen January 22, 2004 February 8, 2016
Rooster You February 9, 2005 January 28, 2017
Dog Xu January 29, 2006 February 16, 2018
Boar Hai February 18, 2007 February 5, 2019
Many non-Chinese people confuse their Chinese birth-year with their Gregorian birth-year. As the Chinese New Year starts in late January to mid February, the Chinese year dates from 1 January until that day in the new Gregorian year remain unchanged from the previous Gregorian year. For example, the 1989 year of the snake began on 6 February 1989. The year 1990 is considered by some people to be the year of the horse. However, the 1989 year of the snake officially ended on 26 January 1990. This means that anyone born from January 1 to 25 January 1990 was actually born in the year of the snake rather than the year of the horse.
Many online Chinese Sign calculators do not account for the non-alignment of the two calendars, incorrectly using Gregorian-calendar years rather than official Chinese New Year dates.
See Chinese astrology for a list of Chinese New Year dates for every year from 1900 to 2020, covering one full sexagesimal cycle (1924–1983) and portions of two others.
[edit] Public Holiday
Chinese New Year is observed as a public holiday in a number of countries and territories where a sizeable Chinese population resides. Since Chinese New Year falls on different dates on the Gregorian calendar every year on different days of the week, some of these governments opt to shift working days in order to accommodate a longer public holiday. Also like many other countries in the world, a statutory holiday is added on the following work day when the New Year falls on the weekend.
China
The first seven days.
Taiwan
The first five days
Hong Kong and Macau
The first three days
Singapore
The first two days
Malaysia
The first two days in 11 states and all 3 federal territories
The first day in the states of Kelantan and Terengganu
Brunei
The first day
Indonesia
The first day
[edit] Other countries
The Korean and Vietnamese also celebrate their respective New Years (Seollal - Korea, Tết - Vietnam) on the same day as they follow the Chinese calendar, and the day is usually a public holiday in those countries. In Vietnam, the first 3 days are public holidays. However, because of the time difference between Hanoi and Beijing (China), Tết may differ from the Chinese calendar by a day every 22nd or 23rd year. The Japanese celebrate their New Year (shÅgatsu) on 1 January with the first three days being holidays.
[edit] Other Official Acknowledgements
A few countries around the world regularly issue postage stamps and/or numismatic coins to commemorate Chinese New Year. Although Chinese New Year is not institutionalised as public holiday, these countries recognise the significant number of their citizens who are of Chinese origin.
Some of these countries and territories are: Australia, Canada, Christmas Island, El Salvador, France, United States, Philippines
[edit] Festivities
New Year season lasts for fifteen days. The first week is the most important and most often celebrated with visits to friends and family as well as greetings of good luck. The celebrations end on the important and colourful Lantern Festival on the evening of the 15th day of the month.
The date of the Chinese New Year is determined by the Chinese calendar, a lunisolar calendar, which is also used in countries that have adopted the Taoist and Confucian traditions or have been influenced by the Chinese, notably the Koreans, the Japanese, the Tibetan, the Vietnamese and the pagan Bulgars. Chinese New Year starts on the first day of the new year containing a new moon (some sources even include New Year's Eve) and ends on å
宵èï¼Yuan Xiao Jie) fourteen days later. This occurs around the time of the full moon as each lunation is about 29.53 days in duration. In the Gregorian calendar, the Chinese New Year falls on different dates each year, on a date between January 21 and February 20. In traditional Chinese Culture, Lichun is a solar term marking the start of spring, which usually falls on either February 4 or 5.
2007-01-06 00:02:07
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answer #6
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answered by croc hunter fan 4
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