Muslims, unlike Christians, have only ONE Holly book, that is the Qur'an, written and recited in Arabic only. All of them believe that the Text of the Qur'an, word by word, is from God, handed down to them to Muhammad via Gabriel the Angel. Hence, Muhammad, for all of them, is just a messenger! For all of them, the Qur'an is the most sacred text, cannot even be touched except when one is in a state of purity!
They may have different interpretations but the text remains the same and must be recited in its original language. One can read the translation or interpretation of the Qur'an, but in doing so, one is not reading the Qur'an itself, but its meaning.
Hence, their mutual criticisms are basically on the application of certain laws or jurisdictions stemming from the same text! Their differences are thus supported by what is known as Traditions, which claimed to have originated from the Prophet himself or his immediate Successors. It is in these Traditions, which were originally recorded by words of mouth, i.e. verbally, where we do find contradictions as well as mutual "condemnations" based on sectarian arguments!
There are only two major "Sects" in Islam. Sunni (with its sub-sects) and Shi'i (with its sub sects too) Generally speaking, Shi'i are the "Catholics" of Islam, where loyalty and obedience is invested into human being as "infallible", c.f. Pope v Ayatollah! Shi'i also believe in Successive leadership, based on genealogy, i.e. the family of the Prophet and only from the branch of Ali, the cousin of the Prophet.
The Sunni, on the other hand, who are the "Protestants" of Islam, do not share that view of leadership, though they too believe that the leadership of Muslims must come from the "Tribe" of the Prophet, i.e. the Quraysh. Between the two Sects, comes another group known as the Ibadhis or Ibadis, who are the "Republicans" of Islam, who believe that leadership of Muslims should be based upon and derived from quality leadership and not genealogy or tribe. But they too are strict on certain laws. They are known some times as the Textualists, but they too have their own Traditions which enforce their beliefs. They are the minority of the minority, and are to be found, nowadays, mainly in Oman and Algeria.
Overall, however, there is very little difference in other areas in their beliefs!
The Christians, on the other hands, have more than one Bibles, some with more texts than others and the texts can be read in different languages. They also have so many Sects with fundamental differences and continue to split, even in our own time. After so many years of quarrelsome and wars, they became more "tolerable" with one another, although there are still some sects which are intolerable of others.
In short: Muslims do have sects and their disagreements are based on Leadership of the community. Shia believe in the leadership of Ali's family and their infallibility. Sunni believe in the leadership of the tribe of the Quraysh, while Ibadis believe in the leadership of any upright muslim. Sunni are the majority of the Muslims today, followed by the Shia and finally the Ibadis.
2007-01-05 01:01:52
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answer #2
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answered by Ebby 6
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