what is aids and how does it spread?

Question

What are the symptoms of aids

Answer 1

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS or Aids) is a collection of symptoms and infections resulting from the specific damage to the immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).[1] The late stage of the condition leaves individuals prone to opportunistic infections and tumors. Although treatments for AIDS and HIV exist to slow the virus's progression, there is no known cure. HIV is transmitted through direct contact of a mucous membrane or the bloodstream with a bodily fluid containing HIV, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluid, preseminal fluid, and breast milk.[2][3] This transmission can come in the form of anal, vaginal or oral sex, blood transfusion, contaminated hypodermic needles, exchange between mother and baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding, or other exposure to one of the above bodily fluids.

Answer 2

Mother to baby transmission during pregnancy or childbirth is possible but can be prevented by proper medical care.

An infected person can spread HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, through the exchange of bodily fluids:
*semen;
*vaginal fluid;
*blood;
*other bodily fluids containing blood (for example,menses, bloody saliva);
*breast milk.

You will not get HIV from toilet seats, mosquitoes, sneezes, tears, food, or shaking hands with or hugging an infected person.


Many people do not develop any symptoms when they first become infected with HIV. Some people, however, get a flu-like illness within three to six weeks after exposure to the virus. This illness, called Acute HIV Syndrome, may include fever, headache, tiredness, nausea, diarrhoea and enlarged lymph nodes (organs of the immune system that can be felt in the neck, armpits and groin). These symptoms usually disappear within a week to a month and are often mistaken for another viral infection.

Answer 3

ADIS- Accquired Diffciency Immuno Syndrome
It is nothing but group of diseases. It spreads only through sex.

See sympots cannot been seen initially when was affected by HIV. After 3 months he might get high fever, or loose motion or someother disease, at that time when he takes a HIV test he will come to know if he is effected by that virus.

Answer 4

AIDS aquired immuno defficiancy syndrome, spread by HIV human imuno virus. this virus spreads mainly through direct blood contact and by suxual contact.
after entering of this virus in to our body it destroys the natural immune system of the human body.

by this the person will be vulrunable to the the diseases. and it degrads the immune system.

Answer 5

AIDS is Aquaired Immunity Deficiency Syndrome,Caused by HIV or Human Immunosupressive Virus.
Spreads:
1.unprotracted Sexual Intercourse.
2..HIV infected Blood transfusion.
3.Use of HIV infected NEEDLE.
4.From HIV infected Mother to her chid through umbelical cord.
Symptoms:
General wkness,Fever,respiratory tract infection,diarrhoea,tuberculosis etc due to suppression of immunity system of body.and
Kaposis Sarcoma,Hodgekins lymphoma,Non Hodgekins Lymphoma,Blood Cancer etc.

Answer 6

WHAT DOES "AIDS" MEAN?
AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome:
Acquired means you can get infected with it;
Immune Deficiency means a weakness in the body's system that fights diseases.
Syndrome means a group of health problems that make up a disease.
AIDS is caused by a virus called HIV, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. If you get infected with HIV, your body will try to fight the infection. It will make "antibodies," special molecules to fight HIV.
HOW DOES HIV SPREAD
Infected person’s blood, semen, vaginal fluid are rich in HIV. However tears, saliva, sweat or urine do not pose any danger?
HIV is transmitted by:
*Unprotected sexual intercourse with infected person (either heterosexual or homosexual)
*Transfusion of infected blood or blood products
*Infected mother to her baby during pregnancy, birth process and through breast – feeding
*Use of infected needles and instruments without sterilization or sharing of needles and syringes by HIV drug addicts
HOW HIV IS NOT TRANSMITTED
There is no risk of contracting HIV infection in daily routine activities and by casual contact with HIV positive person.
AIDS virus is not transmitted through:
*Embarrassing or kissing (social)
*Touching hand shaking or hugging
*Sharing bathroom or toilet
*Coughing, saliva or sneezing
*Eating together or sharing utensils
*Swimming pools
*Sharing clothes
*Mosquito bite, Insect bite or houseflies
*Patient caring
WHAT ARE SYMPTOMS OF AIDS
An HIV infected person initially looks normal and perfectly healthy. The symptoms of AIDS develop after few years and include:
*Long standing, unexplained fever ( > 1 month)
*Unexplained diarrhoea (> 1 month)
*Persistent cough (> 1 month)
*Persistent unexplained fatigue and weight loss of more than 5 kg within short period
*White blotches in the mouth or on tongue
PRVENTION IS THE ONLY CURE FOR HIV / AIDS
Prevention is simple easy and the only answer we have got today unless we find some cure. HIV can be easily prevented by adopting simple measures such as:
*SAFE SEX:
The only safe sex is ‘no sex’; all other practices like masturbation, cuddling, hugging, rubbing, sticking to one partner or using condom if one cannot avoid multiple partners are safer sex practices.
*SAFE BLOOD:
Judicious use of blood and use only pretested HIV free blood or blood product.
*SAFE NEEDLES:
Insist your doctors and nurses to use sterile or disposable needles and instruments.
*SAFE MOTHERHOOD:
Before taking any major step in life like marriage or having child ascertain that you are HIV free.
*SAFE RAZOR AND BLADE:
Never share your shaving blades with anyone and also ask your barber to use properly cleansed razor and new blade during shaving or hair cut. (Although the risk of getting infection from a saloon is minimal)

Answer 7

AIDS is a virual desease which spread only through more than one sexual relationship. Be Careful while having sex. Use Condom.

Answer 8

What are the early symptoms of HIV infection?

Many people do not develop any symptoms when they first become infected with HIV. Some people, however, get a flu-like illness within three to six weeks after exposure to the virus. This illness, called Acute HIV Syndrome, may include fever, headache, tiredness, nausea, diarrhoea and enlarged lymph nodes (organs of the immune system that can be felt in the neck, armpits and groin). These symptoms usually disappear within a week to a month and are often mistaken for another viral infection.

During this period, the quantity of the virus in the body will be high and it spreads to different parts, particularly the lymphoid tissue. At this stage, the infected person is more likely to pass on the infection to others. The viral quantity then drops as the body's immune system launches an orchestrated fight.

More persistent or severe symptoms may not surface for several years, even a decade or more, after HIV first enters the body in adults, or within two years in children born with the virus. This period of "asymptomatic" infection varies from individual to individual. Some people may begin to have symptoms as soon as a few months, while others may be symptom-free for more than 10 years. However, during the "asymptomatic" period, the virus will be actively multiplying, infecting, and killing cells of the immune system.
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What Happens Inside the Body?

Once HIV enters the human body, it attaches itself to a White Blood Cell (WBC) called CD4. Also, called T4 cells, they are the main disease fighters of the body. Whenever there is an infection, CD4 cells lead the infection-fighting army of the body to protect it from falling sick. Damage of these cells, hence can affect a person's disease-fighting capability and general health.


After making a foothold on the CD4 cell, the virus injects its RNA into the cell. The RNA then gets attached to the DNA of the host cell and thus becomes part of the cell's genetic material. It is a virtual takeover of the cell. Using the cell's division mechanism, the virus now replicates and churns out hundreds of thousands of its own copies. These cells then enter the blood stream, get attached to other CD4 cells and continue replicating. As a result, the number of the virus in the blood rises and that of the CD4 cells declines.


Because of this process, immediately after infection, the viral load of an infected individual will be very high and the number of CD4, low. But, after a while, the body's immune system responds vigorously by producing more and more CD4 cells to fight the virus. Much of the virus gets removed from the blood. To fight the fast-replicating virus, as many as a billion CD4 cells are produced every day, but the virus too increases on a similar scale. The battle between the virus and the CD4 cells continues even as the infected person remains symptom-free.


But after a few years, which can last up to a decade or even more, when the number of the virus in the body rises to very high levels, the body's immune mechanism finds it difficult to carry on with the battle. The balance shifts in favour of the virus and the person becomes more susceptible to various infections. These infections are called Opportunistic Infections because they swarm the body using the opportunity of its low immunity. At this stage, the number of CD4 cells per millilitre of blood (called CD4 Count), which ranges between 500 to 1,500 in a healthy individual, falls below 200. The Viral Load, the quantity of the virus in the blood, will be very high at this stage.


Opportunistic infections are caused by bacteria, virus, fungi and parasites. Some of the common opportunistic infections that affect HIV positive persons are: Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), Tuberculosis (TB), Salmonellosis, Bacillary Angiomatosis (all caused by bacteria); Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Viral hepatitis, Herpes, Human papillomavirus (HPV), Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) (caused by virus); Candidiasis, Cryptococcal meningitis (caused by fungus) and Pneumocystis Carinii pneumonia (PCP). Toxoplasmosis. Cryptosporidiosis (caused by parasites). HIV positive persons are also prone to cancers like Kaposi's sarcoma and lymphoma.

The Center for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta has listed a series of diseases as AIDS-defining. When these diseases appear, it is a sign that the infected individual has entered the later stage of HIV infection and has started developing AIDS. The progression of HIV positive persons into the AIDS stage is highly individual. Some people can reach the AIDS stage in about five years, while some remain disease free for more than a decade. Measurement of the viral load and the CD4 count helps a doctor in assessing an infected person's health condition. Click here to consult an expert.


What are the later symptoms of HIV/AIDS?


* Lack of energy
* Weight loss
* Frequent fevers and sweats
* A thick, whitish coating of the tongue or mouth (thrush) that is caused by a yeast infection and sometimes accompanied by a sore throat
* Severe or recurring vaginal yeast infections
* Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease or severe and frequent infections like herpes zoster
* Periods of extreme and unexplained fatigue that may be combined with headaches, lightheadedness, and/or dizziness
* Rapid loss of more than 10 pounds of weight that is not due to increased physical exercise or dieting
* Bruising more easily than normal
* Long-lasting bouts of diarrhoea
* Swelling or hardening of glands located in the throat, armpit, or groin
* Periods of continued, deep, dry coughing
* Increasing shortness of breath
* The appearance of discoloured or purplish growths on the skin or inside the mouth
* Unexplained bleeding from growths on the skin, from mucous membranes, or from any opening in the body
* Recurring or unusual skin rashes
* Severe numbness or pain in the hands or feet, the loss of muscle control and reflex, paralysis or loss of muscular strength
* An altered state of consciousness, personality change, or mental deterioration
* Children may grow slowly or fall sick frequently. HIV positive persons are also found to be more vulnerable to some cancers.

Answer 9

AIDS IS ACQUIRED IMMUNO DEFFICIENCY SYNDROME
IT SPREADS DUE TO A VIRUS CALLED H.I.V

Answer 10

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