How do pigeons in the olden days know the way to the address of the letter they carry in their beaks?? : )?

Answer 1

If a pigeon is kept for a month or so in one location, it will instinctively fly back there, wherever it is. You can put it inside a closed car and drive 200 miles without the pigeon being able to see, release the pigeon, and it will beat you home.
If you want somebody to send you a message, you give them one of your pigeons. The message is tied to the leg, not carried in the beak. When they release the pigeon, it will fly back to you. But if they keep it too long, it will figure that it has a new home, and stay.
Pigeons have done heroic duty during war time. This was portrayed in the children's movie, "Valiant."

Answer 2

they still do it today with racing pigeons..
Pigeons have been used as message carriers for centuries, but in the 1800s a sport evolved, not over the issue of whether a bird could home, but how fast it could negotiate the distance.

Usually they fly back to their "home" where they sleep in their back yard loft. So the pigeons are taken from there, then set free.

How do racing pigeons find their way home? No one knows for sure.
Some argue that they go by the stars, position of sun, magnetic field.

Answer 3

The message is attached to a leg, or wing.

The pigeons do not know the address. They were homing pigeons, ; sometimes had two homes and the messages were conveyed from one house to another.

Answer 4

They didn't. They were trained to return to one spot, so there were a few pigeons trained for each location letters would be sent to.