what is the notion of scientific progress: a critical analysis of the various paradigm shifts from Karl popper

Answer 1

You are probably refering to Thomas Kuhn, who in his book, "the structure of scientific revolutions" talks extensively about paradigms and paradigms shifts. Karl Popper is more famous for defining the test of falsibility, by which a theory can be provisionally accepted if after tested for its falsification, triying to falsify its tenets, then can be provisionally accepted untill a new theory emerges and explains better the relationjship among empirical phenomena that the first theory attempted to explain. It is on this basis that scientific knowledge is built.

Both very profound and meaningful contributions for the philosophy of science that puts in its proper place the knowledge acquired through the "scientific method" i.e. science. Bringing it back to its proper cause after the flod of scientism (or giving science more influence or incumbence than it should be ascribed) occuring in most of last century.

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