Combining genes from different organisms is known as recombinant DNA technology, and the resulting organism is said to be "genetically modified," "genetically engineered," or "transgenic." GM products (current or in the pipeline) include medicines and vaccines, foods and food ingredients, feeds, and fibers.
GM Products: Benefits and Controversies
Benefits
* Crops
o Enhanced taste and quality
o Reduced maturation time
o Increased nutrients, yields, and stress tolerance
o Improved resistance to disease, pests, and herbicides
o New products and growing techniques
* Animals
o Increased resistance, productivity, hardiness, and feed efficiency
o Better yields of meat, eggs, and milk
o Improved animal health and diagnostic methods
* Environment
o "Friendly" bio-herbicides and bio-insecticides
o Conservation of soil, water, and energy
o Bio-processing for forestry products
o Better natural waste management
o More efficient processing
* Society
o Increased food security for growing populations
Controversies
* Safety
o Potential human health impact: allergens, transfer of antibiotic resistance markers, unknown effects Potential environmental impact: unintended transfer of trans-genes through cross-pollination, unknown effects on other organisms (e.g., soil microbes), and loss of flora and fauna biodiversity
* Access and Intellectual Property
o Domination of world food production by a few companies
o Increasing dependence on Industrialized nations by developing countries
o Bio-piracy—foreign exploitation of natural resources
* Ethics
o Violation of natural organisms' intrinsic values
o Tampering with nature by mixing genes among species
o Objections to consuming animal genes in plants and vice versa
o Stress for animal
* Labeling
o Not mandatory in some countries (e.g., United States)
o Mixing GM crops with non-GM confounds labeling attempts
* Society
o New advances may be skewed to interests of rich countries.
2006-12-19 03:44:26
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answer #1
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answered by john h 7
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Genetically Modified Food
Radiance magazine's feature from Winter 2001 on genetically modified foods. ... authors, and others who make food their...
radiancemagazine.com/.../2001/winter_0...
GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOODS
Genetically-Modified (GM) Foods have been in UK. shops ... Many research ideas are now moving out. of the laboratory into...
www.parliament.uk/post/pn115.pdf
2006-12-18 14:35:56
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answer #2
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answered by Byzantino 7
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