what is the definition of mental illness?

Question

mental disorders

Answer 1

Stay the course.

Answer 2

If you are a natural person you should try cognitive behavioral therapy. It was the only thing that has helped me with my horrible health anxiety. Read here https://tr.im/646vu

Your thinking determines your quality of life. Your thinking is what causes you these feelings:

Anxious, fearful, stressed or depressed
Constantly worried, or angry about something that is happening in your life
Struggling to overcome obsessive and negative thoughts.

If you change your thinking, you will change your life. This is the basic idea behind CBT for anxiety. The Cognitive part is where you learn nee methods and ways to change your same old habits and thinking patterns. If you keep thinking and expecting the worst – You will continue to suffer.

Answer 3

quick and easy answer

1. Impairment (Is the person unable to function in their daily lives. work, school, social.

2. Personal distress (Is the person suffering physical or psychological pain.

3. Risk to self or others

4. Outside social norms ( This one a psycholigist needs to be careful with because in some parts of the country having visions are normal but in other parts of the country visions would be considered hallcinations.-Think about the indians.)

These are the four things a psycholigist would look at.

Answer 4

Definition of Mental Illness is anything that causes a person to lose their abilitiy to function, i.e stress, trauma, death, etc. This is a shorten version of the definition

Answer 5

It is when you can not function right. When everyday living is so hard that you just can not deal with it, and you become disfuntional in your every day living, and even in your thinking. That is when you go seek professional help to get you out of this, and back on the path to recovery, and a happy , normal life. So that you can enjoy everyday, ever moment in you life to the most.

Answer 6

Any time the perception of reality or self interferes with functioning in daily life.

Answer 7

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Mental illness
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Mental Illness is a concept in psychiatry and other mental health professions referring to mental abnormality associated with distress and/or disfunction. This can involve cognitive, emotional or behavioural impairments. The term 'illness' implies the existence of a medical condition with a specific pathology that causes symptoms, something that is the subject of much research and debate. Similar but sometimes alternative concepts include: mental disorder, psychological or psychiatric disorder, emotional problems, emotional or psychosocial disability. The term insanity, sometimes used colloquially as a synonym for mental illness or irrationality, is used technically as a legal term.

Specific disorders often described as mental illnesses include major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia, to name a few. Mental illnesses have been linked to both biological (e.g. genetics, neurochemistry, brain structure) and psychosocial (e.g. cognitive biases, emotional problems, trauma, socioeconomic disadvantage) causes. Different schools of thought offer different explanations, although current research employing the term 'mental illness' would most probably originate in a biopsychiatry point of view. Mental illnesses have been associated with impaired functioning, for example ability to work or manage socially, and sometimes also to high function, for example creativity. Cross-cultural studies suggest that what is seen as (the symptoms of) a mental illness in one culture may be accepted or valued in another, may manifest differently, or may not appear at all.


The Scream, the famous painting commonly thought of as depicting the experience of mental illness.Contents [hide]
1 Causes
2 Prevalence
3 Symptoms
4 Diagnosis
4.1 Categories of mental illnesses & disorders
5 Treatment
6 Controversy
7 Patient advocacy
8 In art and literature
8.1 Books
8.2 Stories
8.3 Motion Pictures
8.4 Television
9 See also
10 Notes
11 References
11.1 WikiBooks
12 External links
12.1 Government sites
12.2 History and professional specialties
12.3 Media Portrayals of Mental Illness
12.3.1 Compiled mental health news and resources



[edit] Causes
Main article: Causes of psychiatric disorder
Mental illness may be caused by a number of factors, or the confluence of several factors. Different schools of thought, including the biological, the psychological, and the social, offer different explanations, although current theories usually hold that all three contribute in varying amounts to any individual's illness.

A person with a mental illness may have a difference in brain structure or function or in neurochemistry, through either genetic or environmental vulnerabilities. For example, many people diagnosed with schizophrenia have been shown to have enlarged ventricles and reduced grey matter in the brain. Finally, genetic studies, including adopted twin studies, have shown strong evidence that mental illnesses such as bipolar disorder (manic depression) and schizophrenia can be partially inherited.

Psychological findings indicate that cognitive abnormalities, emotional problems or interpersonal problems can cause mental illness, especially in vulnerable individuals. Mental illness may also be caused by significant events in, or the conditions of, one’s environment. For example, there may be higher incidences of mental illness in areas that are involved in civil or military actions or that have recently suffered a major natural or man-made disaster. Areas that also suffer from endemic poverty, transience, and few resources and supports are also suggested to have higher rates of mental illness than more affluent or stable areas.

There are likely multifile causes of mental illness. There has been a focus on the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. Each disorder is likely to have its own etiology, or causation. Treatment options include psychiatric medication, psychotherapy, lifestyle adjustments, other supportive measures or a combination of these. Sufferers typically seek treatment only when psychiatric symptoms make it very difficult to function, but early treatment - when symptoms are mild or moderate - will generally lead to a better long-term outcome. The diagnostic process is complex. Diagnosis remains a partially subjective and partially evidence-based practice that can include careful and detailed assessment of patient histories and current and past symptoms.

Psychiatric disorders vary from one individual to another and may be mild, severe, or anything in between. Even in one person, symptoms can vary over time from their most severe to complete remission and back. These illnesses often are episodic, and "flare-ups" may be triggered by stress and other factors. If one becomes ill again after a symptom-free period it is not due to a lack of willpower or self-control, but rather the natural waxing and waning of the illness. Appropriate treatment of the disease can help stabilize the course of the illness and reduce or eliminate the waxing and waning of symptoms.

Regarding the major psychiatric disorders (e.g. bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, major depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder) the nature versus nurture debate has generally been settled. The answer is "both". The major psychiatric disorders all show strong evidence of heritability and psychosocial factors have been strongly implicated.

Some question whether the concept of 'mental illness' is coherent or appropriate or is used validly in practice. This can include professionals, and this view is often held by some of the anti-psychiatry movement, as well as by Scientologists.


[edit] Prevalence
According to the 2003 report of the U.S. President's New Freedom Commission on Mental Health, major mental illness, including clinical depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and obsessive-compulsive disorder, when compared with all other diseases (such as cancer and heart disease), is the most common cause of disability in the United States. Additionally, according to National Alliance for the Mentally Ill (NAMI), an American advocacy organization which accepts funding from the pharmaceutical industry, 23% of North American adults will suffer from a clinically diagnosable mental illness in a given year, but less than half of them will suffer symptoms severe enough to disrupt their daily functioning. Approximately 9% to 13% of children under the age of 18 experience serious emotional disturbance with substantial functional impairment; 5% to 9% have serious emotional disturbance with extreme functional impairment due to a mental illness. It is suggested that many of these young people will recover from their illnesses before reaching adulthood, and go on to lead normal lives uncomplicated by illness.


[edit] Symptoms
In addition to the categorized illnesses, there are many well-defined symptoms of mental illness, such as paranoia, that are not regarded as illnesses in themselves, but only as indicators of one of the illnesses belonging to one of the classes listed above.


[edit] Diagnosis
The diagnosis of a mental illness is usually done by a licensed mental health professional or medical doctor. The diagnosis of a mental illness usually involves a number of sources and instruments, including a personal history, a physical exam, an evaluation of behavior, a symptom inventory, condition-specific instrument (such as the Beck Depression Inventory), and other information as suggested by the history (including neuroimaging and blood tests) in order to arrive at a diagnosis. In the U.S., criteria for the diagnosis of a specific mental illness are given in the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

At the start of the 20th century there were only a dozen recognized mental illnesses. By 1952 there were 192 and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) today lists 374. Depending on perspective, this could be seen as the result of one or more of:

More effective diagnosis and better characterization of mental illness, due to over a century of research in a new field of science and academia.
A highly increased incidence of mental illness, due to some causative agent such as substances in the environment, or, as some have argued, the ever-increasing stress of everyday life.
An over-medicalisation of human thought processes, and an increasing tendency on the part of mental health experts to label individual "quirks and foibles" as illness.
Increasing politicization of the DSM, perhaps due in part to the Peter principle, which may allow decision-makers with more discriminating, compartmentalizing thought processes to dominate the higher ranks of the medical establishment.

[edit] Categories of mental illnesses & disorders
In the United States, mental illnesses have been categorized into groups according to their common symptoms in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, compiled by the American Psychiatric Association. One important caveat is that all the DSMs have shortcomings. Very often consumer groups or clinical researchers have different criteria for their diagnosis of a disorder. The DSM V due out in 2011 will hopefully address these differences. There are thirteen different categories, some containing a myriad of illnesses and others only a few. Selecting any of the Wikipedia categories in the table will allow you access to all the articles and subcategories in that category.

DSM Group Examples Wikipedia category
Disorders usually first diagnosed in infancy, childhood or adolescence. *Disorders such as autism and epilepsy have also been referred to as developmental disorders and developmental disabilities. Mental retardation, autism Delirium, dementia, and amnesia and other cognitive disorders Alzheimer's disease Category:Memory disorders and Category:Cognitive disorders
Mental disorders due to a general medical condition AIDS-related psychosis Category:Mental disorders due to a general medical condition
Substance-related disorders Alcohol abuse Category:Substance-related disorders
Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders Delusional disorder Category:Psychosis
Mood disorders Clinical depression, Bipolar disorder Category:Mood disorders
Anxiety disorders General anxiety disorder Category:Anxiety disorders
Somatoform disorders Somatization disorder Category:Somatoform disorders
Factitious disorders Munchausen syndrome Category:Factitious disorders
Dissociative disorders Dissociative identity disorder Category:Dissociative disorders
Sexual and gender identity disorders Dyspareunia, Gender identity disorder Category:Sexual and gender identity disorders
Eating disorders Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia nervosa Category:Eating disorders
Sleep disorders Insomnia Category:Sleep disorders
Impulse-control disorders not elsewhere classified Kleptomania Category:Impulse-control disorder not elsewhere classified
Adjustment disorders Adjustment disorder Category:Adjustment disorders
Personality disorders Narcissistic personality disorder Category:Personality disorders
Other conditions that may be a focus of clinical attention Tardive dyskinesia, Child abuse Category:Other conditions that may be a focus of clinical attention

In addition to the shortcomings of DSMs there are cross-cultural behaviors that can result in false positives for a particular disorder. What is considered abnormal behavior in one culture, may be considered perfectly normal and even revered in another. An example of this is Ghost Sickness a preoccupation with death or the deceased in certain Native American cultures.

Most organizations do not view mental retardation as a mental illness. The Mental Health Association of Southeastern Pennsylvania states: 'Mental illness and mental retardation are not the same thing. Some people are born with mental retardation, a condition characterized by below-average intelligence throughout one's life. Mental illness, however, can affect anyone at any time. In fact, certain mental illnesses are more common among people with high intelligence and creativity.' However, people with developmental disabilities, such as mental retardation, are more likely to experience mental illness than those in the general community [1].


[edit] Treatment
Forms of treatment for the various types of mental illness include medication and therapy. One of the primary purposes of mental health professionals, including psychiatrists, specializing in using the biomedical approach, and psychologists, specializing in providing therapy, is to improve an individual's mental health. If medications are used, a psychiatrist and patient are responsible for monitoring and managing the prescription of these medications and their effects.

Symptoms may disappear, a patient may not suffer from a condition and may seemingly be cured, but the underlying vulnerability of almost any condition remains. With chronic mental disorders, the chances of the symptoms recurring will be affected by the number of episodes the patient has had in the past, the effectiveness of the treatment, as well as external factors.

If a mental illness has been identified as a physiological problem, it frequently may be manifested through and/or exacerbated by behavior. Ergo, individuals suffering from physiological disorders may benefit from psychotherapy. The most basic treatment involves identifying maladaptive, self-destructive, or inappropriate behaviors and finding ways, with the patient, of coping with, eliminating, or altering those behaviors to promote overall mental health.

Often individuals with serious mental illness will engage in several different treatment modalities, all with specific goals. For example, a patient with chronic schizophrenia may be involved in treatment using medication, take part in psychotherapy to help manage their life-long condition, be engaged in case management (sometimes referred to as "service coordination"), use day treatment, utilize a psychosocial rehabilitation program, and/or take part in a assertive community treatment program to help move them towards a more productive and independent role in the community.

Robert Burton wrote in the 16th century in his classic work, The Anatomy of Melancholy, that music and dance were critical in treating mental illness, especially melancholia. [2] [3]

In November 2006, Dr. Michael J. Crawford [4] and his colleagues again found that music therapy helped the outcomes of Schizophrenic patients. [5]


[edit] Controversy
Main articles: Anti-psychiatry and Causes of psychiatric disorder
Psychiatry remains somewhat controversial to some people. For example, over thirty years ago homosexuality was considered a mental disorder in American psychiatry (see DSM-II); at the same time, the American psychiatry establishment was also leading the way in refusing to pathologise homosexuality any more and has since argued against such practices as trying to turn gay people straight through therapy. It can be argued that what psychiatry used to consider disorder or illness was likely the result of cultural norms or bias and this perception varies over time and place, but this is true of all illnesses.

Contemporary psychiatry, however, is said to be guided by evidence-based medicine. Thus, it has becoming much more scientific and much less speculative than it once was. However, some diagnoses remain controversial. For instance, whilst a person with transsexualism who is not suffering as a result would probably not be considered to be mentally ill, a person who is suffering from a belief that they are trapped in the wrong body may be considered to have gender dysphoria. Nevertheless, dysfunction or subjective distress are required before such a diagnosis can be made.[citation needed]

As mentioned above, neurochemical studies have revealed abnormalities in neurotransmitter functioning among individuals with certain psychiatric diagnoses. Also, structural or neuroanatomical differences among brains of people with schizophrenia have been detected via neuroimaging. Some mental disorders, such as schizophrenia, are known to be hereditary and possible links between certain genes and particular mental disorders have been found.

It is widely held that some features that are considered to be within the norm, such as sexual orientation or special talents are also likely to have a neurobiological or genetic basis.

Traumatic life experiences that exceed an individual's coping ability and may result in lasting changes in brain chemistry. Patterns of learned behavior can also alter brain chemistry, for better or for worse. Cognitive behavior therapy focuses on changing patterns of thinking through learning, which relieve anxiety disorders, depressive disorders and to some extent bipolar disorders (accompanied by medication).

Drug therapies for severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and clinical depression, consistent with biochemical models, are remarkably effective. They require a close collaboration between patient and prescriber, so that people with these illnesses understand the difference between being over-medicated and optimally-treated. Psychiatrists who "cripple" their patient's brain response system are actually over-medicating their patients; and patients who allow themselves to be over-medicated aren't discussing the problem with their psychiatrist. Others argue that the effectiveness of drugs does not imply that their use is safe or desirable. However, discussion with one's doctor of a certain drugs safety/side effects profile and intended effect on one's symptoms and disorder is one adaptive alternative to not using medications altogether.

Psychiatrists make the analogy that many physical conditions, such as diabetes, must also be controlled with use of medications throughout the individuals lifetime. Moreover, in mental illness, studies show that patients' symptoms return once drug treatment is stopped.

It is important to note that the existence of mental illness and the legitimacy of the psychiatric profession have not been universally accepted by some individuals and groups, although this view is changing rapidly. Some professionals, notably Thomas Szasz, Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry at Syracuse, are profoundly opposed to the practice of applying the label "mental illness." The anti-psychiatry movement often refers to what it considers to be the "myth of mental illness" and argues against a biological origin for mental disorders, pointing out that the differences in levels of neurotransmitter, or even in size of brain structures, cannot be taken as indications of illness. Alternatively, some argue that all human experience has a biological origin and so no pattern of behavior can be classified as an illness per se.

Other arguments against psychiatry include the view that electroconvulsive therapy damages the person. It remains controversial even if it can be life-saving in many circumstances. Long-term institutionalization, for mental illness rarely occurs now, but hospitalization for acute psychiatric illness still does. Hospitalization is usually very short (some would argue too short to effectively stabilize the patient) due to the realities imposed by managed care.

Some people currently diagnosed with autism are against the notion of a neuropsychiatric disorder. For example, some autistic individuals have organized and formed the autistic rights movement. They claim that autism is a form of neurodiversity.

We are all neurodiverse. That is why we have different personalities, strengths and talents. Some argue that untreated mental disorders can get in the way of our expressing our signature strengths. On the other hand, neurodiversity advocates argue that there may be more positive potential in recognizing neurodiverse subjects outside the framework of pathology. In other words, it might prove more helpful to acknowledge a broader spectrum of human variation (e.g., "autism" or "schizophrenia" as a different type of "normal" human variation), rather than approaching these variations as "mental illnesses" in need of "cures."


[edit] Patient advocacy
Patient advocacy organizations have been helpful in changing the stereotype of psychiatric illness. These stereotypes are typically made by individuals or groups who know little or nothing about psychiatric illness and mistakenly believe that these illnesses reflects a lack of willpower by the individual. It is important to emphasize that these illnesses are not a sign of personal weakness. In fact, the truth is that most psychiatric patients have endured more pain than those that do not have these illnesses will ever experience. A case could be made that these individuals are in fact quite strong, even when compromised by symptoms. Discrimination against people who have mental illnesses keeps them from seeking help. Mental health is as important as physical health to the overall well-being of individuals, societies and countries. Yet only a small minority of the 450 million people living with a mental or behavioral disorder is receiving treatment. While one in five Americans lives with a mental disorder in any given year, half of people with severe mental illnesses received no treatment in the past 12 months. Fear of disclosure, rejection by friends, and ultimately discrimination are just a few reasons why people with mental illnesses don't seek help. On-line supportive therapy from advocate mental health organizations have helped to educate and eliminate much of the stigma & shame they have felt in their aloneness to continue their journey from shame and isolation to dignity and responsibility by encouraging them to receive treatment and therapy.

Moreover, most individuals would like to be productive and high-functioning. Thus, patient advocacy organizations try to reverse the stereotype problem by educating the public, fighting stigma, supporting local, state and national legislation that is helpful to individuals with psychiatric disorders, encouraging those with illnesses to seek treatment and to instill hope in those afflicted so that they can continue on the path toward recovery, wellness and a fulfilling and meaningful life.


[edit] In art and literature

[edit] Books
A Beautiful Mind by Sylvia Nassar
One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest by Ken Kesey
Woman on the Edge of Time by Marge Piercy
The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger
The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time by Mark Haddon
The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath
Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck
Girl, Interrupted by Susanna Kaysen
The Green Mile by Stephen King
She's Come Undone by Wally Lamb
I Know This Much Is True by Wally Lamb
Effie's Burning by Valerie Windsor
I Never Promised You a Rose Garden by Joanne Greenberg
An Unquiet Mind by Kay Redfield Jamison
Diving into the Wreck by Adrienne Rich
Sorrows of Werther by Goethe
Mrs Dalloway by Virginia Woolf
Remembrance of Things Past by Marcel Proust
Swann's Way by Marcel Proust
The Outsider by Albert Camus
Don Quixote by Miguel Cervantes
Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky
Knots by R.D. Laing
Madame Bovary by Gustave Flaubert
Amnesia by Douglas Cooper
Howl by Allen Ginsberg
Hamlet by William Shakespeare
A Midsummer Night's Dream by William Shakespeare
Macbeth by William Shakespeare
Hello, Serotonin by Jon Paul Fiorentino
Bloodletting by Victoria Leatham
Darkness Visible by William Styron
Earth Abides by George Stewart

[edit] Stories
Ward Number Six by Anton Chekhov (1892) [6]

[edit] Motion Pictures
Many motion pictures portray mental illness in inaccurate ways leading to misunderstanding and heightened stigma. Some movies, however, are lauded for dispelling stereotypes and providing insight into mental illness. In a study by George Gerbner, it was determined that 5 percent of 'normal' television characters are murderers while 20% of 'mentally ill' characters are murderers. 40% of normal characters are violent while 70% of mentally ill characters are violent. Contrary to what is portrayed in films and television, Henry J. Steadman, Ph. D. and his colleagues at Policy Research Associates found that, overall, former mental patients did not have a higher rate of violence than their control group of people who were not formal mental health patients. In both groups, however, substance abuse was linked to a higher rate of violence. (Hockenbury and Hockenbury 2004)

See List of films featuring mental illness.


[edit] Television
Many popular television shows feature characters with mental illness. Oftentimes these portrayals are inaccurate and reinforce existing stereotypes, thereby increasing stigma associated with mental illness. Common ways that television shows can generate misunderstanding and fear are by depicting the mentally ill as medically noncompliant, violent, and/or intellectually challenged. However, in recent years certain organizations have begun to advocate for accurate portrayals of mental illness in the media, and certain television shows have been applauded by mental health organizations for helping to dispel myths of mental illness...

One show, "Wonderland", went on the air in 2000 and only lasted several episodes. It was largely critically acclaimed, but pressure from mental health advocates and people with mental disorders who felt that the show perpetuated stereotypes and contributed to the stigma attached to mental illnesses led to the show's cancellation.

In 2005, the shows Huff, Monk, Scrubs and ER all won Voice Awards from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration for their positive portrayal of people with mental illness. Neal Baer, executive producer of ER and Law & Order: Special Victims Unit also won a lifetime achievement award for his work in incorporating mental health issues into these two shows.

See List of Television Shows Featuring Mental Illness.


[edit] See also
List of mental illnesses
Causes of mental illness
History of mental illness
Psychopathology
List of songs about mental illness
The Gene Illusion

[edit] Notes
^ Learning about Intellectual Disabilities and Health URL last accessed on August 24 2006.
^ cf. The Anatomy of Melancholy, Robert Burton, subsection 3, on and after line 3480, "Music a Remedy":
But to leave all declamatory speeches in praise [3481]of divine music, I will confine myself to my proper subject: besides that excellent power it hath to expel many other diseases, it is a sovereign remedy against [3482] despair and melancholy, and will drive away the devil himself. Canus, a Rhodian fiddler, in [3483]Philostratus, when Apollonius was inquisitive to know what he could do with his pipe, told him, "That he would make a melancholy man merry, and him that was merry much merrier than before, a lover more enamoured, a religious man more devout." Ismenias the Theban, [3484]Chiron the centaur, is said to have cured this and many other diseases by music alone: as now they do those, saith [3485]Bodine, that are troubled with St. Vitus's Bedlam dance. [1]

^ "Humanities are the Hormones: A Tarantella Comes to Newfoundland. What should we do about it?" by Dr. John Crellin, MUNMED, newsletter of the Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1996.
^ Dr. Michael J. Crawford page at Imperial College London, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychological Medicine.
^ Crawford, Mike J., Talwar, Nakul, et al. (November 2006). "Music therapy for in-patients with schizophrenia: Exploratory randomised controlled trial". The British Journal of Psychiatry (2006) 189: 405-409.
^ "... 'Palata No. 6' (1892, Ward Number Six) is Chekhov's classical story of the abuse of psychiatry. Gromov is convinced that anyone can be imprisoned. He develops a persecution mania and is incarcerated in a horrific asylum, where he meets Doctor Ragin. Their relationship attracts attention and the doctor is tricked into becoming a patient in his own ward. He dies after being beaten by a charge hand. - The symmetrical story has much similarities with such works as Samuel Fuller's film The Shock Corridor (1963), and Ken Kesey's novel One Flew Over Cockoo's Nest (1975). ..." [2]. An online version of the story can be found at Project Gutenberg. [3]

[edit] References
Hockenbury, Don and Sandy (2004). Discovering Psychology. Worth Publishers. ISBN 0-7167-5704-4.
Roy Porter, Madness. A Brief History, Oxford University Press 2003
Neurodiversity.com [4]

[edit] WikiBooks
Dysfunction section of the Neuroscience Book

[edit] External links

[edit] Government sites
MentalHealthCommission.gov - 'Interim Report of the President's New Freedom Commission on Mental Health' (United States)
NIMH.NIH.gov - 'Working to improve mental health through biomedical research on mind, brain, and behavior', National Institute of Mental Health (United States)
NIMHE.org.uk - 'Responsible for supporting the implementation of positive change in mental health and mental health services', National Institute for Mental Health (United Kingdom)
kc.NIMHE.org.uk - 'Joined up knowledge sharing for mental health service improvement', NIMH (UK)

[edit] History and professional specialties
OhioU.edu - 'The History of Mental Illness' Ohio University, The Ridges
Plato.stanford.edu - 'Mental Illness', Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

[edit] Media Portrayals of Mental Illness
ArchetypeWriting.com - Discussion and exploration of accurate and inaccurate media portrayals of psychology, psychologists, and psychological disorders

[edit] Compiled mental health news and resources
NAMI.org - 'In The News', National Alliance for the Mentally Ill (NAMI California)
SeeMeScotland.org - 'Latest News and Events'
The Canadian Mental Health Association
National Mental Health Consumers' Self-Help Clearinghouse
National Mental Health Association
Mental disorders (alphabetical list) Edit
Acute stress disorder | Adjustment disorder | Agoraphobia | alcohol and substance abuse | alcohol and substance dependence | Amnesia | Amphetamine Related Disorder | Anxiety disorder | Anorexia nervosa | Antisocial personality disorder | Asperger's syndrome | Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder | Autism | Avoidant personality disorder | Bereavement | Bibliomania | Binge eating disorder | Bipolar disorder | Body dysmorphic disorder | Borderline personality disorder | Breathing Related Sleep Disorder | Brief psychotic disorder | Bulimia nervosa | Caffine Related Disorder | Cannabis Related Disorder | Childhood disintegrative disorder | Childhood disorder NOS | Circadian rhythm sleep disorder | Cocaine Related Disorders | Conduct disorder | Conversion disorder | Cyclothymia | Delerium | Delusional disorder | Dementia | Dependent personality disorder | Depersonalization disorder | Depression | Disorder of written expression | Dissociative fugue | Dissociative identity disorder | Drapetomania | Dyspareunia | Dysthymic disorder | Emotional Deprivation | Encopresis | Enuresis | Exhibitionism | Expressive language disorder | Factitious Disorder | Female and male orgasmic disorders | Female sexual arousal disorder | Fetishism | Folie à deux | Frotteurism | Ganser syndrome | Gender identity disorder | Generalized anxiety disorder | General adaptation syndrome | Hallucinogen Related Disorder | Histrionic personality disorder | Hyperactivity disorder | Primary hypersomnia | Hypoactive sexual desire disorder | Hypochondriasis | Hyperkinetic syndrome | Hysteria | Inhalant Related Disorders | Intermittent explosive disorder | Joubert syndrome | Kleptomania | Down syndrome | Mania | Male erectile disorder | Munchausen syndrome | Mathematics disorder | Narcissistic personality disorder | Narcolepsy | Nightmares | Obsessive-compulsive disorder | Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder | Oneirophrenia | Oppositional defiant disorder | Pain disorder | Panic attacks | Panic disorder | Paraphilias | Paranoid personality disorder | Parasomnia | Pathological gambling | Pervasive Developmental Disorder | Pica | Postpartum Depression | Post-traumatic stress disorder | Premature ejaculation | | Primary insomnia | Psychotic disorder | Pyromania | Reading disorder | Retts disorder | Rumination disorder | Schizoaffective disorder | Schizoid personality disorder | Schizophrenia | Schizophreniform disorder | | Schizotypal personality disorder | Seasonal affective disorder | Separation anxiety disorder | Sexual Masochism and Sadism | Shared psychotic disorder | Sleep disorder | Sleep terror disorder | Sleepwalking disorder | Social phobia | Somatization disorder | Specific phobias | Stereotypic movement disorder | Stuttering | Suicide | Tourette syndrome | Transient tic disorder | Transvestic Fetishism | Trichotillomania | Vaginismus
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