You're on the right track, but you need to take more oil than is in obtained in a capsule. The subject of fatty acid supplementation is a huge one, but I'll try to be brief-ish and provide resources so you can study more if you want.
Nutrition experts suggest a minimum of one teaspoon (5 ml) of cod liver oil daily as a supplement, up to a maximum 1 tsp per 50 lbs (22 kg) body weight daily. A teaspoon of oil is about 5 grams. A capsule contains from 0.5 g to 1 g., so you need to take from 5 to 10 capsules to get the same amount of oil as is found in one teaspoon. If you weigh 150 lbs, you might want to increase your dosage to 3 tsp (15 g, or 15 to 30 capsules) daily. That's a lot of capsules.
Another problem with capsules is that the oil inside them can be rancid, and you cannot smell or taste it. Rancid oil is not beneficial. For these reasons (low dosages and possible spoilage), I don't think oil capsules are a good idea. What to do?
You can buy cod liver oil in bottles, and take a teaspoon or two a day with food. Fish oil has similar benefits as cod liver oil, and costs less, and has less vitamin A, which is a good thing, because cod liver has a lot of vitamin A, and it's possible to overdose on A.
The substances in these oils that benefit your skin and hair (and immune system and other things) are found in cod liver oil, fish oil, flax seed oil, walnuts, pumpkin seeds, hemp seed, salmon, and sardines, among other foods.
Nutritionists warn against taking too much cod liver oil, because it is very high in vitamin A, and it is possible to overdose on vitamin A, causing hair loss, mental confusion and liver damage. They suggest cod liver oil in the winter, and fish oil or flax oil throughout the rest of the year. Don't take more than 2 tsp cod liver oil per day, and for no longer than 4 months/year.
If specific benefits to your hair and skin are desired, you can take evening primrose oil, which has a specific fat in it that appears to have more profound effects on skin, hair and nails than these other oils mentioned. It is taken in capsules, as only small doses are needed (1 g/day), but it is more expensive than cod, fish and flax oils. If you are looking for a convenient nutritional way to improve your skin and hair, taking a daily evening primrose capsule is probably the easiest method.
You may be interested to know that flax oil, taken at a dose of about 1 Tbsp (15 ml) daily per 50 lbs of body weight causes spontaneous weight reduction in many people, due to its GLA (gamma-linoleic acid) content, which increases people's fat metabolism.
In sum, you will probably obtain skin and hair benefits, as well as others, from taking any these supplements, but you need to take at least 5 g/day (1 tsp) of cod or fish, or 1 g/day of evening primrose, or 15 g/day (1 Tbsp) of flax oil. It will take at least 6 to 8 weeks of regular use before you notice changes. You can double these doses without concern.
Hope this is helpful without being confusing. Here are some online resources:
www.drweil.com
www.mercola.com
Just search within their sites for the terms you want, such as "cod liver oil," "evening primrose oil," "flax oil" or "fish oil."
For one of the best sources for supplements I know in the U.S., with the lowest prices and greatest selection, check out:
www.vitaminshoppe.com
POSTSCRIPT: Here are the symptoms of an overdose of vitamin D:
"The prescription of high doses of vitamin D in the absence of a deficiency can result in hypercalcaemia - excessive calcium in blood. If this condition is prolonged, it may lead to heart and kidney damage. Symptoms of vitamin D toxicity include nausea, vomiting, anorexia, headache, weakness, apathy, polyuria and bone pain. As vitamin plays an important role in mineralisation and calcification of bones, the symptoms of excessive ingestion of vitamin D are the result of abnormalities in calcium metabolism. These are largely due to hypercalcaemia which cause calcification of soft tissue and produce renal impairment.
Clinically, most cases of hypervitaminosis D seen in adults are the result of large doses of the vitamin used for the treatment of conditions that are not associated with vitamin D deficiency. Daily ingestion in excess of 2,000IU in children or 75,000IU in adults may produce toxic symptoms related to hypervitaminosis D. For example, most cases of vitamin D toxicity have been reported to occur after the ingestion of greater than 50,000IU daily for several years.
There is wide individual variation in the amount of vitamin D that causes hypervitaminosis. The continued ingestion of 50,000IU or more daily by a person with normal vitamin D sensitivity may result in poisoning. Doses of 60,000IU per day can cause hypercalcaemia, with muscle weakness, Proteinuria, hypertension and irregular heartbeat. Symptoms and signs generally appear two to eight days after acute intoxication with massive doses of vitamin D.
Chronic hypercalcaemia can lead to generalised vascular calcification with high concentration of calcium salts in soft tissues, especially in the kidney. This will exacerbate rapid deterioration of kidney functions. Other sites of calcification may include blood vessels, heart, lungs and skin. The stored vitamin in the body will be released slowly as it has a long plasma half-life of three months. Therefore after discontinuation.
Another potentially toxic action of vitamin D is the effect on fat metabolism. There is some evidence that 700IU to 2,500IU daily in adults may raise the plasma cholesterol level" (From http://www.prn2.usm.my/mainsite/bulletin/sun/1996/sun44.html).
Here are the symptoms of an overdose of vitamin A: "The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for vitamin A, for a 25-year old male, is 3,000 micrograms/day, or about 10,000 IU.
Too much vitamin A can be harmful or fatal, resulting in what is known as hypervitaminosis A. The body converts the dimerized form, carotene, into vitamin A as it is needed, therefore high levels of carotene are not toxic compared to the ester (animal) forms. The livers of certain animals, especially those adapted to polar environments, often contain amounts of vitamin A that would be toxic to humans. Thus, vitamin A toxicity is typically reported in arctic explorers and people taking large doses of synthetic vitamin A. The first documented death due to vitamin A poisoning was Xavier Mertz, a Swiss scientist who died in January 1913 on an Antarctic expedition that had lost its food supplies and fell to eating its sled dogs. Mertz consumed lethal amounts of vitamin A by eating the dogs' livers. Just 0.3 grams of the liver of the polar bear contains the upper intake level.[2] If eaten in one meal, 30 to 90 grams is enough to kill a human being, or to make even sled dogs very ill.
Excess vitamin A has also been suspected to be a contributor to osteoporosis. This seems to happen at much lower doses than those required to induce acute intoxication. Only preformed vitamin A can cause these problems, because the conversion of carotenoids into vitamin A is downregulated when physiological requirements are met. An excessive uptake of carotenoids can, however, cause carotenosis.
The carotenoid beta carotene was interestingly associated with an increase in lung cancer when it was studied in a lung cancer prevention trial in male smokers. In non-smokers, the opposite effect has been noted.
Excess preformed vitamin A during early pregnancy has also been associated with a significant increase in birth defects.[1] These defects may be severe, even life-threatening. Even twice the daily recommended amount can cause severe birth defects.[2] The FDA currently recommends that pregnant women get their Vitamin A from foods containing beta carotene and that they should ensure that they consume no more than 5,000 IU of preformed Vitamin A (if any) per day. Although Vitamin A is necessary for fetal development, most women carry stores of Vitamin A in their fat cells, so oversupplementation should be strictly avoided" (From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinol).
The benefits from oils such as cod liver, flax, etc, are not strictly from the vitamins A, D & E, but from the fats themselves. If you want to see the benefits of various vitamins, go to http://www.nutriherb.net/vitamin_and_mineral.html and look up the specific vitamin you're interested in.
As you can see, the topics of nutrition and supplementation can get very detailed. It really is best to do your own homework so you don't get taken advantage of by people who sell supplements, who are sometimes more interested in getting you to buy stuff than they are in your long-term health.
2006-12-02 07:15:19
·
answer #1
·
answered by chuck 6
·
1⤊
0⤋