anybody knowledable in cell biology answer this please!?

Question

Hormone response elements (HRE) modify gene expression by regulating RNA polymerase binding to the promoter sequence that is found upstream from a structural gene sequence.

Answer 1

Well, you didn't really ask a question, but I'll try to explain this signal transduction to you.

Hormones function in 2 ways, depending on the type of hormone you are talking about. The first way is through "extracellular signaling", and involves peptide hormones that are part of a ligand-receptor system. The hormone is the ligand, and binds to a trans-membrane protein we call a receptor, then the receptor changes its configuration, and causes some kind of chemical change inside the cell, leading to a SECONDARY SIGNAL cascade. The end of this signal transduction cascade results in the activation (or deactivation) of a TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, which binds to an operator region in the DNA we call a HRE.

The other type of signaling system involves STEROID HORMONES (as opposed to peptide hormones) which are primarily lipids, and can diffuse through the cell membrane, and can directly cause changes in the cell. Often the hormone interacts directly with a transcription factor, or activates (or deactivates) a transcription factor, which binds to the HRE region upstream of a gene, which tightly regulates the transcription of said gene.

So if you are asking true or false, the answer is true, RNA polymerases recognize these HRE-transcription factor complexes, and initiate transcription!

Generally there are many types of signal transduction systems (ligand-receptor), including G-Proteins, tyrosine kinases, serine-threonine kinases, and IP3-DAG systems. These are the most common. But understanding cell signaling is SO important for cell biology. This is what regulates what a cell actually does!!!

Answer 2

Love to answer but its not a question