they're protein, In enzymes, as with other proteins, function is determined by structure. An enzyme can be: A monomeric protein, i.e., containing only one polypeptide chain, typically one hundred or more amino acids; or an oligomeric protein consisting of several polypeptide chains, different or identical, that act together as a unit. As with any protein, each monomer is actually produced as a long, linear chain of amino acids, which folds in a particular fashion to produce a three-dimensional product. Individual monomers may then combine via non-covalent interactions to form a multimeric protein. Many enzymes can be unfolded or inactivated by heating, which destroys the three-dimensional structure of the protein. Cartoon showing the active site of an enzyme.Most enzymes are larger than the substrates they act on and only a very small portion of the enzyme, around 10 amino acids, come into direct contact with the substrate(s). This region, where binding of the substrate(s) and then the reaction occurs, is known as the active site of the enzyme. Some enzymes contain sites that bind cofactors, which are needed for catalysis. Certain enzymes have binding sites for small molecules, which are often direct or indirect products or substrates of the reaction catalyzed. This binding can serve to increase or decrease the enzyme's activity (depending on the molecule and enzyme), providing a means for feedback regulation. also see:
2016-05-23 02:18:55
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answer #2
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