What were some of Leonardo Da Vinci's achievements?

Question

excluding the Mona Lisa painting

Answer 1

Leonardo da Vinci DID NOT invent the helicopter!!!! His drawing which shows what looks like a helicopter is actually an airial screw which worked on a helix system.

I've studies da Vinci for many years and even had the privilage of handling some of his works personally.

Here are some of Leonardo's acievements;

1. Inventions
Self-propelled cart – Codex Atlanticus Fol 812r 1478-80
For many years, folio 812r of the Codex Atlanticus was considered as Leonardo’s famous “automobile” project. Only recently has it revealed its true nature as a cart devised for use in theatrical settings.

2.Armoured vessel – Codex Atlanticus Fol 172r 1487-89
This armoured assault vessel is probably one of the projects that Leonardo presented to Ludovico il Moro, “the Moor”, Duke of Milan, in order to obtain a commission as a military engineer.

3.Armoured car - Biblioteca Reale, Fol 1030 1485
Leonardo probably drew this model of a war machine for a presentation to Ludovico il Moro, “The Moor”, Duke of Milan, around 1485. The drawing in the original manuscript therefore appears neat and well laid-out.

The armoured car, like other inventions such as the scythed chariot, has a classical pedigree. Like other Renaissance artist-engineers, Leonardo looked to the classical world for inspiration. He would then go beyond classical models and devise his own solutions.

4.Scythed chariots - Biblioteca Reale Fol 1030 1485
The scythed chariot is potentially one of the most lethal battlefield weapons and has ancient origins, though Leonardo noted their propensity to damage friend as readily as foe. The drawing for these war machines dates from his first years in Milan.

In Renaissance times, war was the order of the day and war machines were at the centre of interest not only for their practical use but also from a cultural point of view, with the rediscovery of inventions from classical times.

5.Flying machine – Ms B Fol 74v-75r 1488-89
Leonardo studied mechanical wings for a long time and this is a reconstruction of one of the many projects for a flying machine documented in Manuscript B.

In his fascination with flying, Leonardo attempts to combine the dynamic potential of the human body with an imitation of natural flight. In his notes, he cites the bats, the kite and other birds as models to imitate. He refers to his flying machine as the “great bird”.

6.NOT A HELICOPTER
Leonardo rarely deviated from the principle of beating wings in his inventions. One exception is the design on Manuscript B Fol 83v for an “aerial screw”, which has led to false claim that he invented the helicopter. Leonardo’s invention is based on a helical screw 10 meters in diameter and not rotary blades. But the drawing does express the scientific principle that when the air is compressed it has density, which was to find its application much later in the propeller or helicopter.

Leonardo’s machine was supposed to lift off when rotated, but one might well ask how the force required to achieve sufficient rotating speed would be obtained. It is likely that his device was not for manner flight but was intended for a public spectacle. Nonetheless, it’s nice to think that Leonardo’s drawing may have inspired Igor Sikorsky’s invention of the first stable, single rotor controllable helicopter, having been reputedly shown Leonardo’s drawing by his mother.

7.Giant crossbow – Codex Atlanticus Fol 149r c1485
Leonardo’s project for a giant crossbow is found in a number of sheets in the Codex Atlanticus and Fol 149r shows the most well-defined and complete drawing.

The effort put into the design of the components indicates that he was striving to realise it as a workable weapon. The structure is huge; its dimensions can be judged when comparing the machine to the drawing of a man who is operating it.

8.Double-deck bridge – Ms B Fol 23r 1488-90
Leonardo’s idea for a double-deck bridge is surprisingly modern. It recalls the function of bridges in some modern metropolis where the two-way flow of traffic is arranged on different levels.

Leonardo doesn’t mention what this project was actually for, but it is clear that it is a way of organising the two-way circulation system in such a way that doesn’t create traffic jams or obstructions

Acievements in painting and drawing also science;
Leonardo used modern scientific hypothesis and testing.

1. Drawing of Santa Maria della Neve referred to as the first landscape of western art.

The drawing is a testament to Leonardo’s early study of nature and to his ability to redefine forms according to his own creative will. Feint traces of lines beneath the pen and ink may indicate that Leonardo first sketched the main features of the landscape, perhaps in situ, and then later, in his studio, re-inforced the lines, making subtle changes and additions.

The drawing also expresses a new sensitivity towards light and space on the part of the artist, the effects of which are perfectly captured in a mesh of curved and parallel dynamic, hatched lines, rapidly applied with the pen and ink.

Medium Pen and ink over lead point underdrawing
Size 19 x 28.5 cm
Location Gabinetto dei Disegni e delle Stampe degli Uffizi

2.Leonardo's anatomical drawings.
The drawings are famous for their anatomical accuracy and the virtuosity of the pen and ink technique employed. Medics today still use his drawings for reference. Not only did Leonardo investigate the human body through anatomical dissection. He also created inner bodily mechanisms that perfectly fulfilled their function. This made him very different to other Renaissance artists who used disection only to improve their painting
Leonardo discovered the maxillary sinus cavity.
Notes on the valves of the heart and flow of blood within it, with illustrative drawings c1513
Trail | Catalogue
During the final years of his life, Leonardo carried out detailed investigations of the heart. The main aim was to define how the heart and its valves operated in conjunction with the hydrodynamic turbulence of pumped blood.

Leonardo noted how vortices are formed in the blood after it has forced its way between the cusps, as a result of the contraction of the heart. Based on his observations of the flow of water, he proposed a complex theory regarding how and why vortices form. Despite being forced to concede that the complexities are “subtle and difficult to prove or clarify”, he deduced that the principles of circular motion in fluids are essential to the operation of the heart. He noted that the cusps of the valve only operate satisfactorily because of the vortices that form in the blood, which cause the closure of the valve. Without the circular motion, the inner walls of the valve would simply collapse.

The drawing on the upper right illustrates a mould from which a glass model of the neck of the aorta might be made in order to test his theory.


3. The proportions of man Vituvian Man
This iconic drawing illustrates Leonardo’s own interpretation of Vitruvius’ written account of how the ideal proportions of man, with arms and legs outstretched, would fit into the geometric forms of the square and the circle. In order to achieve a coherent solution, Leonardo chose to adjust the relationship between the circle and the square - only the centre of the circle coincides with the navel, while the centre of the square is located somewhat lower.

In this drawing, he corrected inconsistencies in Vitruvius’ measurements of the human figure, guided by his own observations and deductions based on the study of life models. Through the precision of his own measurements, he created an image that is accepted as a true representation of Vitruvius’ findings, and a perfectly credible albeit constructed image of the ideal proportions of the human figure. These proportions are still used by artists today.


Medium Pen and brown ink with wash over metalpoint
Size 34.4 x 24.5 cm
Location Galleria dell’Accademia

4. Airial maps
Leonardo made these maps for Cesare Borgia and they are frighteningly accurate.

5. Natural Science
He correctly observed an noted the erosive power of water, he undestood and wrote abut Newton's 3rd law 200 years before Newton,

6. Leonardo's paintings;
Leonardo da Vinci was the very first collectable artist. Isabella d'Este wished to collect his work much like a modern collector would purchase a Hockney or Picasso today.


Portrait of Lady (La Belle Ferronière) c1496-97
The range and complexity of shadows and highlights across the cheeks, neck and shoulders of the sitter is unprecedented in paintings of the 15th century and represents the perfect synthesis of scientific knowledge and artistic skill.

Portrait of Ginevra de' Benci 1476-78
By placing Ginevra’s body at an angle to the picture surface and turning her head towards the viewer, Leonardo achieves an unprecedented sense of dynamism that contrasts markedly with her calm expression. While the proximity of the sitter to the picture surface provides a sense of intimate engagement with the viewer, the watery landscape behind situates Ginevra in the context of the wider natural world that exists beyond the confines of the painting. By this means, Ginevra is portrayed as both a unique individual and an inherent part of Leonardo’s all-encompassing vision of nature.

Madonna and Child with a Carnation 1475-76
Here, Leonardo continues to develop his innovative technique of aerial perspective, successfully replicating the effects of light and atmosphere in a new way through the application of colour.

Adoration of the Magi c1479-81
Leonardo’s Adoration of the Magi marks a turning point in the history of the representation of the human form in religious art. The complex, dynamic nature of the scene and the whirlpool of actions and gestures that swirl around the central figures of the Virgin and Child are totally innovatory. Every figure is engaged in some sort of movement, except the Virgin and the standing figures seen in the foreground at the extreme left and right, which provide control and balance for the more dramatic elements of the composition.

The varied actions and expressions of the figures convey a wide range of emotional responses including awe, incredulity, devotion, contemplation and inquisitiveness, in response to the mystery of the arrival of God as man on earth. Surviving drawings suggest that Leonardo worked out every element of the composition in drawings prior to beginning the painting, although only a handful have survived.

Virgin of the Rocks (National Gallery, London) c1495-1508
An example of Leonardo's Chiaroscuro technique.

Last Supper c1495-98
An example of Leonardo's motions of the mind and the soul. Also and example of how not to use new techniques in fresco.In what was a highly innovative approach to the traditional representation of the subject, Leonardo concentrated on the different reactions of each of the Apostles, conveying their varied emotional responses through their facial expressions, poses and physical gestures. Surviving studies for the heads of some of the Apostles indicate that Leonardo studied the physiognomy and expression of each individual, working out every detail in drawings.

Madonna of the Yarnwinder c1501-07 & Mona Lisa 1503-16
Examples of his innovative sfumato technique.

Hope this gets you off to a good start. I fear I'll have to leave it at this or i'll be writing a book!!

Answer 2

He became the 1st Renaissance artist to take up business layout. Leonardo became an expert in hydraulics and re designed a pilot challenge for the layout of the city of Milan and he dedicated hundreds of notes and drawings to clocks, clockwork and perpetual action. He used a hypothesis and exams very like a scientist does on the instant and mentioned, 'technology is the captain,prepare the soldier'. Being a humanist he enjoyed the myth of Icarus and consequently researched flight. He did no longer invent the helicopter! The drawing which appears like one is surely a plan for an aeriel screw which is going on the theory of a helix, inspite of the undeniable fact that he did caricature gliders, tank like troop distributors and what could desire to be referred to as a submarine. a great discovery of Leonardo's became that of why fossils ended up the place they did and rock strata etc. shifting directly to maths, Leonardo became no longer a great mathmatician inspite of the undeniable fact that he did like geometry. He became buddies with the mathmatician and geometrist Luca Pacioli in Milan jointly as he worked for Ludovico Sforza. He presented the illustrations for Pacioli's renowned de divina proportione. He produced aeriel maps for Cesare Borgia that are nonetheless precise on the instant. In anatomy, drawings like Leonardo's had by no ability been considered till now. He drew expolded diagrams, bypass sections etc and his interest to element became very precise. He stumbled on the maxilliary sinus hollow area and a few purposes of the midsection. medical doctors nonetheless use his anatomy drawings on the instant and not see you later back they have been used to assist pioneering valve surgical treatment. In artwork Leonardo invented the sfumato technique of portray. those are yet a number of Leonardo's achievements yet make particular you no longer get embroiled in the myth of Leonardo. His genius lay in the quantity to which he became in a position to evaluation and infer reasons from that study. His failings lay in the certainty that he did no longer post his important findings.

Answer 3

i think there are some of Leonardo Da Vinci's achievment but if u want to know more just log on to google and on the search engine put :"leonardo's achievment

Answer 4

He sketched the first parachute, first helicopter, first aeroplane, first tank, first repeating rifle, swinging bridge, paddle boat and first motor car. He was one of the first artists to sketch outdoor portraits.

a few of his paintings: annunication, The Adoration of the Magi, The Last Supper, his Self Portrait.

Answer 5

inventing the parachute before we had airplanes