What are some of the differences between an ideal gas and real gas?

Answer 1

An ideal gas

An ideal gas or perfect gas is a hypothetical gas consisting of identical particles of zero volume, with no intermolecular forces. Additionally, the constituent atoms or molecules undergo perfectly elastic collisions with the walls of the container. Real gases do not exhibit these exact properties, although the approximation is often good enough to describe real gases. The approximation breaks down at high pressures and low temperatures, where the intermolecular forces play a greater role in determining the properties of the gas. There are basically three types of ideal gas:

* the classical or Maxwell-Boltzmann ideal gas,
* the ideal quantum Bose gas, composed of bosons, and
* the ideal quantum Fermi gas, composed of fermions.

The classical ideal gas can be separated into two types: The classical thermodynamic ideal gas and the ideal quantum Boltzmann gas. Both are essentially the same, except that the classical thermodyamic ideal gas is based on classical thermodynamics alone, and certain thermodynamic parameters such as the entropy are only specified to within an undetermined additive constant. The ideal quantum Boltzmann gas overcomes this limitation by taking the limit of the quantum Bose gas and quantum Fermi gas in the limit of high temperature to specify these additive constants. The behavior of a quantum Boltzmann gas is the same as that of a classical ideal gas except for the specification of these constants. The results of the quantum Boltzmann gas are used in a number of cases including the Sackur-Tetrode equation for the entropy of an ideal gas and the Saha ionization equation for a weakly ionized plasma.

real gas

A gas is one of the four major phases of matter (after solid and liquid, and followed by plasma, that subsequently appear as a solid material is subjected to increasingly higher temperatures. Thus, as energy in the form of heat is added, a solid (e.g., ice) will first melt to become a liquid (e.g., water), which will then boil or evaporate to become a gas (e.g., water vapor). In some circumstances, a solid (e.g., "dry ice") can directly turn into a gas: this is called sublimation. If the gas is further heated, its atoms or molecules can become (wholly or partially) ionized, turning the gas into a plasma.

Answer 2

The ideal gas law is true for any gas, as it only takes into account the temperature, pressure and volume (which could be applied for any gas).

Real gas takes into account 1) interactions between the molecules and 2) the volume correction due to the size of the individual particles.

Hope that helps.

Answer 3

An ideal gas obeys pV = nRT under all conditions, and a real gas doesn't.

The higher the temperature and the lower the pressure, the more likely a real gas is to behave like an ideal gas.

Answer 4

In Ideal gas,the compressibility factor(=z) is equal to 1.
Whereas in real gases the compressibility factor is more than or less than 1.