can loose connections cause a short circuit in a d.c circuit?

Question

electrical

Answer 1

A short circuit happens when a wire connected to the voltage source goes to ground (negative in this case), so a loose connection at the load can cause a wire to vibrate loose and make contact with ground.

More commonly, a loose connection will generate enough heat to melt wire strands, which generates more heat, eventually melting the whole wire at that point. The result is usually an open circuit, with no further damage. A short circuit will blow the fuse in the line if there is one, or keep melting things until the battery connection or line connection is melted open. The intense heat generated may start a fire.

Answer 2

If you mean "the end of the wire is already dangling freely in space", then it will not be any trouble (it will appear as an open circuit, or infinite resistance) until it makes contact with another conductive material. Note that this DOES NOT have to be ground; it could simply be another piece of bare wiring or another terminal in the same vicinity. At this time, the previously loose wire now forms a "short circuit (or approximately a zero resistance path) to whatever is the new termination point.

If you mean "the wire is not fastened tightly, but it's not got a free end", then what you have is a high-resistance joint. Passing current through the joint will generate excessive amounts of heat, eventually leading to a melting of either the wire or the terminal. In either case, you're now back to "loose wire end in free space". There's an additional danger here, however ... the molten material had to go somewhere! Typically, this means it has landed among other conductors, thereby potentially damaging their insulation and possibly creating another scenario similar to the one you're trying to correct.

Alternatively, the joint MAY be tight enough to handle the current put through it, but still be not tight enough to be mechanically rigid. Over time, the looseness will probably increase (due primarily to vibration and - possibly - the effects of magnetic fields or other high-current conductors in the immediate vicinity). As it gets progressively more loose, it will either fatigue the wire to the point where it separates (in which case we're back to the first paragraph), or it becomes unable to carry the current through the joint reliably (in which case we're back to the second paragraph).

Finally, it doesn't matter whether the circuit is AC or DC. But as I've indicated, it does depend on what you mean when you say "loose".

Answer 3

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Answer 4

Yes it can, if the hot wire touches any sort of ground this will cause a short.