Is the data transfer rate of the disc the same as the speed of rotation of the disc?

Answer 1

No.
Data transfer rate is "how fast information gets on the disk".
Rotation is "how fast the disk spins".

For example, a slow data transfer rate could be you printing out your own name on a sheet of paper.

If the paper were moving, it doesn't affect how fast you can get your muscles to produce the writing ... just where (on the page) the writing appears.

Answer 2

Well not really. The disk can rotate faster than it can read data. This is because most disks are fragmented and the disk spends a lot of time skipping all over the disk getting to memory locations that are physically far apart (so they make it go faster); then when it gets to one of those locations it slows down and reads or writes, and then moves on. This means that you'll be able to access a file faster, but doesn't say anything about the nominal data transfer rate.

Also, the data transfer rate is measured in sectors/s where the speed of rotation is measured in m/s (or rad/s to be more precise). So you would have to divide the speed of rotation by the size per sector to get values that matched up.

Answer 3

Data Transfer Rate= rotation RPM (x60 r/second) x Bytes per revolution.
But be careful, because the Bytes per revolution changes depending on what track you are on. At the outer edge there are more Bytes per rev.