cardiovascular system?

Question

Write between 8 – 16 bulleted points describing how the cardiovascular system is regulated in the human body, ie how the human body maintains a stable blood pressure and heart rate. Mention the role of the sympathetic/parasympathetic systems and the types of receptors involved in the regulation of cardiovascular system. You may research from internet/textbooks. List your references in a bibliography.

Answer 1

<>I certainly hope you are NOT in some type of medical study program. If so, please have the good sense to drop out or change majors, before you really have to treat someone.

Answer 2

A circulatory system is an organ system that moves substances to and from cells; it can also help stabilize body temperature and pH (part of homeostasis).
There are three types of circulatory systems (from simplest to most complex):
no circulatory system,
open circulatory system,
and
closed circulatory system.

An open system is an arrangement of internal transport present in some invertebrates like simple mollusks and arthropods in which circulatory fluid in a cavity called the hemocoel (also spelled haemocoel) bathes the organs directly and there is no distinction between blood and interstitial fluid.

The main components of the circulatory system are the heart, the blood, and the blood vessels.

The circulatory systems of all vertebrates, as well as of annelids (for example, earthworms) and cephalopods (squid and octopus) are closed, meaning that the blood never leaves the system of blood vessels consisting of arteries, capillaries and veins.

An example of organisms without circulatory systems are the flatworms (phylum Platyhelminthes). Their body cavity has no lining or fluid.Oxygen can diffuse from water into the cells of the flatworm. Consequently every cell is able to obtain nutrients, water and oxygen without the need of a transport system.

Sympathetic nervous system

The blood flow is diverted away from the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract and skin via vasoconstriction.

Blood flow to skeletal muscles skeletal muscle, the lung is not only maintained, but enhanced (by as much as 1200%, in the case of skeletal muscles).

Bronchioles dilate, which allows for greater alveolar oxygen exchange.

The sympathetic nervous system increases heart rate and the contractility of cardiac cells (myocytes), thereby providing a mechanism for the enhanced blood flow to skeletal muscles.

pupils are dilated and the lens relaxed, allowing more light to enter the eye.

Parasympathetic nervous system
The parasympathetic nervous system dilates blood vessels leading to the GI tract. These effects, may be important immediately following the consumption of food, due to the greater metabolic demands placed on the body by the gut. The parasympathetic nervous system diverts blood back to the gastrointestinal tract thereby aiding in digestion.

The parasympathetic nervous system can also constrict the bronchiolar diameter when the need for oxygen has diminished.

During accommodation, the parasympathetic nervous system causes constriction of the pupil and lens.

The parasympathetic nervous system stimulates salivary gland secretion, and accelerates peristalsis, so, in keeping with the rest and digest functions, appropriate PNS activity mediates digestion of food and indirectly, the absorption of nutrients.

Answer 3

Is this question copied from an exam question ?
U cannot find enough of this information in internet.
There are many to explain in here too.
Check in "Review of medical Physiology"by Ganong or "Textbook of Medical Physiology" by Guyton.

Answer 4

Dude look it up yourself, everyone else had to !

Answer 5

I am not writing your assignment for you