how to perform oracle cold backup and recovery using it?

Answer 1

scenario 1 (without archive file)
shutdown database. check the location of datafiles,logfiles and control files(if first time the backup is plan than take password file and init file).
copy and paste those file to backup folder.
and later if in case you want to recover so you need to restore all dbfiles, logfiles and c files to there original location and startup database.

scenario 2 ( with archive log).
same like condition one but during recovery u need to only restore the corrupt file if in case only one db file is missed or corrupt. but archive since last backup till database corruption time must exist.