why we get 180 degree phase shift in CE amplifier?

Question

and not in CB & CC amlplifier?

Answer 1

in a CE amplifier, when base voltage increase, base current increases. It causes an increase in collector current also. The collector current causes a voltage drop in the collector resistor. Because the output is situated below the collector resistance (with reference to Vcc) the output voltage will decrease as voltage drop across collector resistor increase. Thus it produces a 180 phase shift. (input positive, output negative and vice versa)

You can verify with this equation: Vcc=IcRc+Vc (Vc=Vout)
When Ic increase, Vc must decrease because Vcc is constant.

You can analyze CB and CC circuits using the same manner by writing the voltage drop equations along a line or a loop. Then find the relation between input voltage and output voltage. You will see that there is no phase shift. (Input increase, output also increase)

Answer 2

180 Degree Phase Shift

Answer 3

The 'human activity driving the climate' was never accepted science, except by people who think beliefs don't need to be verified. I don't think the IPCC gained credibility as anything other than a self serving political group. Climate change as a political movement is on the decline. The predictions of an ice free Arctic circle and 0.3 degrees per decade warming are no longer being made. Warmists are no longer trying to ascertain what the rate of global warming is in degrees per decade. Instead they are waiting for an anomaly to happen and then building a case for attributing it to human activity. As Pegmimer says, 'The past ten year period was the warmest ten year period on record' (sic) but I think he meant to say the first decade of the 21'st century was the warmest decade on record. To an intelligent person, this is just another way of saying global warming ended in 1998 and this just shows that the warmists will take any warming they can get even if it was last century.

Answer 4

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y = a sin b(x±h) ± k a : amplitude => take absolute value b : angular frequency h : horizontal shift ( phase shift). (+ left, - right) k : mid. line or vertical shift ( + up, - down) period = 2π/b ( for sines, cosines. if tangent : p = π/b) ......................................... because the max point at (0,3/4), you can use cosines without horizontal shift y = 1/2cos(1/3 x)+1/4 if use sines, the horizontal shift left 270° (1/4 cycle) y= 1/2sin[1/3(x+270°)]+1/4

Answer 5

Out of phase.