What's the differences between a bank and a turn ?

Answer 1

Could it be spelling.

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Answer 2

fci_pitch provided a very thorough answer, and pretty much hit it on the head.

True, bank is defined as the angle of the aircraft relative to the horizon.

True, an aircraft has the ability to fly "straight ahead" in a bank...although there are only a few instances where this is desirable (such as a sideslip to a landing).

True, turning an aircraft calls for bank, coordinated rudder, and elevator backpressure (to maintain altitude).

True, rudder does not turn the aircraft.

True, it most definitely takes coordinated inputs to safely fly an aircraft.

The only thing I would expand on is what makes an aircraft turn. While I see where they were going with the "Elevator for turning" explanation...I would describe the concept differently.

The horizontal component of lift is what actually makes the aircraft turn.

Without getting into a complete lesson on aerodynamics...lift is the force opposing weight (or gravity). Lift has two components; vertical and horizontal. The vertical component acts vertically and opposite to weight. The horizontal component acts horizontally toward the center of the turn (or centripetal force).

As an aircraft enters a bank, the vertical lift vector decreases, while the horizontal lift vector increases. When this happens, the aircraft is essentially 'pulled' through the turn. As the angle of bank increases, so does the horizontal component of lift, and consequently the rate of turn increases. At any given airspeed the rate of turn can be controlled by adjusting the bank angle.

Hope this helps.

Answer 3

Let's answer the question first. A bank is a roll, bank angle and roll angle are the same thing. A turn is a turn, it involves a variation in the course of the plane.

You typically bank to achieve a turn, but it is not essential. Passanger planes always bank to turn, stunt planes don't necessarily.

You can bank without turning, you just need to give some opposite rudder and lift the nose a bit and you fly along on your side.

In a coordinated turn the rudder is used to counteract the variation in drag along the wing. When you bank left you reduce lift on the left wing and raise it on the right, because lift and drag are related that causes the left wing (which has less lift and therefore less drag) to go forward and the right wing (which has more lift and more drag) to go back, relative to the center of gravity ofthe plane. So you give some left rudder too and that keeps the plane balanced in the turn by counteracting the turning moment added by the roll. What you have also done is moved the lift vector from the verticle, it is now angled to the left. The vertical element of the lift varies as the cosine of the angle of bank, and the horizontal component, which hauls you round the turn, varies as the sine of the bank angle. So at 30 degrees bank you have 86% of your original lift as vertical lift and 50% as horizontal force. They don't need to add up, the vector total is still the same, that's vectors for you. So anyway, that's why you need to raise the nose in a turn, you need 115% of your original lift to stop the aircraft from sinking in the turn (1.15 x 0.86 is about 1).

This is all rough approximation, there's more going on in a turn than this, but that's the basics.

Answer 4

You received a lot of "answers". Most are incorrect.

A bank is the angle of the aircraft wings relative to the horizon.
An aircraft will not necessarily turn when banked. An aircraft can "slip" an aircraft in a crosswind such as in landing. This has you banking the aircraft into the wind to maintain straight forward flight and using opposite rudder. The banking is also used slightly when flying straight and level to "crab" into the wind to maintain a heading.
Banking an aircraft takes co-ordinated inputs from aileron and slight rudder for co-ordination.

Turning an aircraft uses bank, co-ordinated rudder and back pressure on the elevator. All 3 work to co-ordinate the aircraft.
A rudder DOES NOT turn the aircraft. It co-ordinates the aircraft with the bank.Using rudder to move the nose of the aircraft puts the aircraft in a poor flight condition.
The elevator "turns" the aircraft.
Elevator? Yes it does with slight back pressure as necessary.
Think of an aerobatic aircraft doing a loop. That is a turn.
An aerobatic plane can bank 90 degrees and still fly straight.
So you can bank an aircraft without turning and you can turn an aircraft without banking.
It takes co-ordinated inputs to "fly" an aircraft.

Answer 5

A turn would be a change in heading. To maintain heading, you would keep the wings level (no bank) and rudder centered (no yaw). To change heading, you would move the control wheel away from neutral which would deflect the left and right aileron opposite each other. This produces a roll. The more the ailerons are deflected, the faster the rate of roll. When the desired angle of bank is achieved, the control wheel is moved back to neutral to stop the roll. The bank angle is steady, and the heading now changes.

A controller might say, turn left heading 180 (south). If your present heading was 270 (west), then you would roll left into a left bank, perhaps 15 to 30 degrees, until the heading is close to the desired (180) heading and roll right until wings are level.

Deflecting the control wheel down left causes the left aileron to move up and the right aileron to move down.

Answer 6

except at speeds aproaching stall, ie normal flying speeds. To turn, first you bank with the ailerons, when you do this, the force to lift the outsider wing must be offset by a little rudder, Then if you don't add a little back pressure to increase pitch, you will simply slide down toward the lower wing, and lose altitude. If you increase pitch the airplane climbs around the circle. or turns. The steeper the bank the sharper the turn and the more g forces that make it necessary to increase power.
At near stall speeds, you do not bank, but use the rudder very gently, do not bank at near stall speeds, banking decreases lift.
Careful all the above have errors.

Answer 7

Bank = wings at an angle to the horizon.

Turn = flight path (velocity vector) changing direction (horizontal direction, vertical changes of direction are called climbs and descents).

A roll is moving your aircraft from one angle of bank (or no bank) to a different angle of bank. Totally different from bank.

They usually happen at the same time but they can be independent of each other.

You can use the rudder to turn the aircraft in a no-bank condition if you use opposite ailerons to prevent slip-roll coupling and hold the nose level or slightly down.

fci-pitch, try it in your Extra, its uncomfortable but it probably will turn faster than my plane when its flying knife edge.

Answer 8

A bank is an attitude. A turn is a change of direction. You could be banked without turning.

Answer 9

Most of the turning force is from the banking action of the plane induced by the ailerons. The rudder's primary function is to keep the airframe from 'skidding' (slipping sideways) during the turn.

Answer 10

A bank has a degree of angle to it. A banked turn of 45 degrees for example. A turn does not necessarily have an angle. It can be flat. There are reversed banks as well. These are being removed because they are dangerous. You can drive a car through a banked turn faster than a regular turn because gravity and centrifugal force will hold you on the road.

Answer 11

When you bank, the plane uses only the flaps to lean one direction or another. This can turn the plane at a very slow rate.

Another kind of turn:

When you turn you also add the rudder into the mix. The rudder can help you make much sharper turns at greater speeds.