can anyone explain sceintifically graves disease?

Question

how can it affecet metabolism espicially proteins?
how the N.S is affected
why it cause heat intolerance and swollen of the eyes lids?

Answer 1

Graves' Disease is a type of autoimmune disease that causes over-activity of the thyroid gland, causing hyperthyroidism. This over-activity is also sometimes called "toxic diffuse goiter." The thyroid gland helps set the rate of metabolism, which is the rate at which the body uses energy. When the thyroid is too active, it makes more thyroid hormones than the body needs. High levels of thyroid hormones can cause side effects such as weight loss, rapid heart rate and nervousness. This is an uncommon disease that affects 2 percent of all women at some time in their lives.

Graves’ Disease is the only kind of hyperthyroidism that is associated with swelling of the tissue around the eyes and bulging of the eyes. And rare cases, patients will develop a lumpy reddish thickening of the skin in front of the shins called pretibial myxedema. This skin condition is usually painless.

There are some medicines called antithyroid drugs that can lower the amount of thyroid hormones made by the thyroid, causing it to make, normal levels. A doctor must give these medicines to you. Some patients who take an acute thyroid drug for 1 to 2 years have a remission from Graves’ disease; their thyroid function may remain normal even without medication.

Answer 2

The thyroid is what tells your body how to use its energy. Graves' disease causes the thyroid to produce more thyroid hormones than the body needs, which is called hyperthyroidism. The heat intolerance could be attributed to the hyperactive thyroid. Hyperthyroidism is the cause for swollen eyes, weight loss and nervousness, amongst other things. I couldn't find anything regarding a relationship between protein and Graves' disease specifically, so I would recommend seeing a doctor or at least speaking to an advice nurse if you're concerned.

Answer 3

Graves disease, named after Robert J. Graves, MD, circa 1830s, is an autoimmune disease characterized by hyperthyroidism due to circulating autoantibodies. Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs) bind to and activate thyrotropin receptors, causing the thyroid gland to grow and the thyroid follicles to increase synthesis of thyroid hormone. Graves disease, along with Hashimoto thyroiditis, is classified as an autoimmune thyroid disorder. In some patients, Graves disease represents part of a more extensive autoimmune process called autoimmune polyglandular syndrome, which is also associated with pernicious anemia, vitiligo, diabetes mellitus type 1, autoimmune adrenal insufficiency, and systemic lupus erythematosus.

General/metabolic - Increased basal metabolic rate, heat intolerance, increased sweating, restlessness, anxiety, irritability, insomnia, weight loss despite increase or similar appetite, easy fatigability.

Neuromuscular - Tremors, proximal muscle weakness, hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, hypokalemic periodic paralysis in persons of susceptible ethnic groups

Less common symptoms include sleep disturbances, weight loss, heat intolerance, hyperdefecation, inability to concentrate, proximal muscle weakness, and easy fatigability with physical activity.

Symptoms of ophthalmopathy include proptosis, lid retraction, lacrimation, gritty sensation in the eye, photophobia, eye pain, diplopia, or even visual loss.

Answer 4

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Answer 5

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Answer 6

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