Solubility table of minerals.Why good m. eg Ca, floride pass thru water filter & not bad m. eg Hg Pb Cl?

Question

Water filters allow minerals with higher solubility eg calcium, Magnesium and fluoride to pass through but not mercury, lead, chlorine etc. Where can I get the solubility table ;of minerals so I know which can pass through and which can't

Also, how does the activated corbon filter do the job?

How small are the viruses and can they be filtered by water treatment systems?

Answer 1

Water filter allow most minerals soluble in water to pass thro. Those not soluble in water may or may not be filtered depend on the size of the particle. I do not know of any solubility table.
There are many type of water filter, active carbon is one. The carbon (coconut shell) were treated under high temperature and high pressure so that they become porous, (lot of small holes or high internal surface area) and when water is passed thro these carbon, most unwanted particles are trapped, these carbon also react with some bad soluble minerals. and carbon filter is good at removing bad smell and taste.
Viruses are small and about the size of the carbon filter pore (~30nm), there is no guarentee that they can be filtered by the water filter, (there are high quality water filter which are expensive with a high specification which can do the job)

Answer 2

I can't answer the first 2 but viruses are mighty small. They will pass thought any filter I can think of. They are usually treated chemically or with UV light.