does anyone know anything about valences in chemistry?

Answer 1

Valence refers to the space in which an electron moves around the nucleus of an atom. An atom can have up to seven shells- which are sometimes called valence shells, which increase in radius with distance from the nucleus. Each shell, or valence, can hold up to a certain number of electrons- depending on the shell. The first shell contains up to 2 electrons, the second can contain up to 8, the third shell up to 18, the fourth up to 32 and so on.
Anyway, the electrons whirl around inside this imaginary shell, filling the shells from the inside towards the outside. Bonding occurs between atoms because they want to have their outer most shells filled to its' capacity. If you notice on the periodic table, elements listed at the far right are known as "noble" gases. These elements do not react under normal conditions to bond with anything else- because they have all their valence shells filled- none missing and none extra to share. The number of electrons in the outer most shell determines how an element will bond and what elements it will bond with, and how strong that bond will be.
Basically, the term valence just refers to how the electrons are arranged around the nucleus. Hope this answers your question.

Answer 2

for every atom to get stabilize needs maximum 8 electrons init's outer most orbit. if there are more then it donates them and if less it accepts the electrons.hence the number of electrons accepted or donated by an atom to stabilise it's outer most orbit is called it's valancy.

Answer 3

nope