The term "learning disability" was apparently first used and defined by Kirk (1962, cited in Streissguth, Bookstein, Sampson, & Barr, 1993, p.144). The term referred to a discrepancy between a child’s apparent capacity to learn and his or her level of achievement. A review of the LD classifications for 49 of 50 states revealed that 28 of the states included IQ/Achievement discrepancy criteria in their LD guidelines (Ibid., citing Frankenberger & Harper, 1987). However, the National Joint Committee for Learning Disabilities (NJCLD) (1981; 1985) preferred a slightly different definition:
"Learning Disability" is a generic term that refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders manifested by significant difficulties in the acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning or mathematical abilities. These disorders are intrinsic to the individual and presumed to be due to Central Nervous System Dysfunction. Even though a learning disability may occur concomitantly with other handicapping conditions (e.g. sensory impairment, mental retardation, social and emotional disturbance) or environmental influences (e.g. cultural differences, insufficient/inappropriate instruction, psychogenic factors) it is not the direct result of those conditions or influences.
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (United States) defines a learning disability this way:
. . .[a] disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using spoken or written language, which may manifest itself in an imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or to do mathematical calculations. . . .Learning disabilities include such conditions as perceptual disabilities, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction, dyslexia, and developmental aphasia.
2006-10-02 04:40:49
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answer #1
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answered by pipilota75 2
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My son became born very prem. we knew the probable hood became intense, bleeds on the strategies and so on. just about did not stay to tell the tale in any respect. particular he has dyspraxia, adhd. sensory integration disease and Aspergers and profound listening to loss in the two ears that may't be helped with implants or aids. it is the cranial and spinal nerves that have been broken it is correct to his prematurity, all of it. particular he unearths some factors of getting to understand confusing and particular it has an impact on his everyday residing yet do you understand what he smiles seems happy in his own international. so a ways as i'm worried, high quality of existence isn't approximately despite in case you may take assessments and study at school it is approximately residing and if he's happy and in a position to accomplish a little issues if not all, does it remember? existence is for residing, i'm pleased with him for what he can do not what he can't and that i've got faith fortunate that he's here to share his existence with us, if something it is us society that have a incapacity not him as we seem to mis interpret the stable issues in existence whilst it quite is stable!
2016-10-18 08:41:42
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answer #2
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answered by Anonymous
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