different types of air borne diseases?

Question

what are airborne diseases? different types of air borne disease?
contaminants their prevention and cure

Answer 1

Airborne Diseases

Commonly known as ARI, acute respiratory infections kill more than 4 million people per year and are the leading cause of death among children under age 5 (121). This range of infections, which includes pneumonia in its most serious form, accounts for more than 8 percent of the global burden of disease (122). ARI's reach is global: it is the most frequent disease worldwide and a common causes of visits to pediatricians in the industrialized countries, although essentially all deaths from ARI occur in the developing world.

The risk factors for ARI are numerous and difficult to sort out. Caused by different viruses or bacteria, ARI is closely associated with poverty. Overcrowding and unsanitary household conditions favor the transmission of the disease, which is spread by droplets from a cough or a sneeze or unwashed hands. Death most often strikes those children who are already weakened by low birth weight, other infections, and malnutrition (123).

Several other factors seem to exacerbate the disease. Exposure to tobacco smoke increases the risk of contracting these infections, and many studies implicate both indoor and outdoor air pollution. Indoor air pollution has been the focus of particular concern, specifically, the soot and smoke associated with the burning of biomass fuels such as wood, coal, or dung. Many people in the developing world, mostly in rural areas, rely on biomass fuels for heating or cooking. (See Changing Environments, Changing Health.) A cause-and-effect relationship between indoor air pollution and ARI has been difficult to prove, however, in part because people who use biomass fuels tend to be poor and exposed to multiple risks such as overcrowding, tobacco smoke, and malnutrition. Even so, the World Bank estimated in 1992 that switching to better fuels could halve the number of pneumonia deaths (124).

Other airborne diseases also thrive in conditions of poverty, exploiting enclosed spaces, crowding, and poor hygienic conditions. Tuberculosis (TB), to name just one, killed an estimated 3 million people in 1996, and nearly 7.5 million others developed the disease (125). TB is the single largest cause of adult death from infectious diseases. Roughly 95 percent of all TB sufferers are in the developing world, mostly in Southeast Asia, Western Pacific, and Africa -- many in the slums of poor cities. In recent years, however, TB has resurfaced in developed countries, where it is concentrated among poor populations. (See Tuberculosis and Urban Inequality.)

Measles and diphtheria, also diseases of crowding and poverty, have been all but eliminated in the developed world since the advent of successful vaccines. In the developing world, however, measles still affects 42 million children per year who lack access to the vaccine; roughly 1 million of these children die (126). Since 1990, diphtheria has resurfaced in the former Soviet Union, triggered by social disruption and a drop in immunization rates (127).

Measles and diphtheria are just two of a cluster known as childhood (or vaccine-preventable) diseases. Other familiar diseases in this group are neonatal tetanus, poliomyelitis, and pertussis. This cluster, all linked with environmental conditions, accounts for nearly 15 percent of the total disease burden globally for children under age 5. Despite widespread immunization programs, these diseases nonetheless claimed the lives of 1,985,000 children in 1990 (128).

Answer 2

An easy way is to use a standard white (chiffon) boxed cake mix and substitute 1 cup of lemon juice for 1 cup of water, and the entire egg rather than just the whites.

Answer 3

You ask too many questions. Run a search for airborn diseases and read for yourself.