how do taste buds work?

Question

i'm scoffing a peperoni pizza at the moment, its tastes great, but how?

Answer 1

Did you ever wonder why your favorite foods taste so good? Well, you can thank your taste buds for letting you appreciate the saltiness of pretzels and the sweetness of ice cream.

Taste buds are sensory organs that are found on your tongue and allow you to experience tastes that are sweet, salty, sour, and bitter. How exactly do your taste buds work? Well, stick out your tongue and look in the mirror.


See all those bumps? Those are called papillae (say: puh-pih-lee), and most of them contain taste buds. Taste buds have very sensitive microscopic hairs called microvilli (say: mye-kro-vih-lye). Those tiny hairs send messages to the brain about how something tastes, so you know if it's sweet, sour, bitter, or salty.

The average person has about 10,000 taste buds and they're replaced every 2 weeks or so. But as a person ages, some of those taste cells don't get replaced. An older person may only have 5,000 working taste buds. That's why certain foods may taste stronger to you than they do to adults. Smoking also can reduce the number of taste buds a person has.

But before you give taste buds all the credit for your favorite flavors, it's important to thank your nose. Olfactory (say: ahl-fak-tuh-ree) receptors inside the uppermost part of the nose contain special cells that help you smell. They send messages to the brain.

Here's how it works: While you're chewing, the food releases chemicals that immediately travel up into your nose. These chemicals trigger the olfactory receptors inside the nose. They work together with your taste buds to create the true flavor of that yummy slice of pizza by telling the brain all about it!

When you have a cold or allergies, and your nose is stuffy, you might notice that your food doesn't seem to have much flavor. That's because the upper part of your nose isn't clear to receive the chemicals that trigger the olfactory receptors (that inform the brain and create the sensation of flavor).

Try holding your nose the next time you eat something. You'll notice that your taste buds are able to tell your brain something about what you're eating - that it's sweet, for instance - but you won't be able to pick the exact flavor until you let go of your nose.

So the next time you chomp on an apple or slurp up some soup, thank your tongue - and your nose! Without them, life wouldn't have any flavor.

Answer 2

"As a general rule, taste is a holistic assessment of the interaction of the fundamental taste systems of sweetness, sourness, bitterness, saltiness, and umami (savouriness). Location of the stimulus on the tongue is not important, despite the common misperception of a "taste map" of sensitivity to different tastes thought to correspond to specific areas of the tongue [1]. The "mouth map" is a myth, generally attributed to the mis-translation of a German text, and perpetuated in North American schools since the early twentieth century [1]. In reality, the separate populations of taste buds, sensing each of the basic tastes, are distributed across the tongue, though not entirely equally; for instance, the front of the mouth is biased toward sweetness and the rear toward bitterness. The brain also plays a part in the tongue's sensory distribution. If, for instance, half of the tongue is blocked from sending information to the brain, rather than any diminishment, people will instead report that a doubling of psychological perception has occurred for each taste, and no loss to any one.

New evidence is emerging that supports the inclusion of a sixth taste category for free fatty acids, the chemical components of dietary fat. A taste receptor mechanism for free fatty acids has been identified [2], an animal model for the detection of free fatty acids is being characterized [3], and studies of human detection of free fatty acids are beginning[4]."

Answer 3

most of your taste is actually in your sense of smell. There are only 4 actual tastes that you have.

Salty
Sour
Sweet
Bitter.

each are on different and specific areas of your tounge. They are each chemical receptors to a specific taste.

Answer 4

This site looks like it's just for kids but is really informative!

Answer 5

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taste_buds

Also, the nose plays a part in your "taste"! :)
(smells combine in our brain with reactions from tastebuds to create a memory fo rlater recall)

Answer 6

I don't know why dont you go and look it up