·How do changes in the sequence of nitrogen bases in a gene relate to changes in the amino acid sequence of?

Question

sequence of the protien coded by that gene ? How does this relate to phenotype ? give an example

Answer 1

The sequence of bases in the DNA, in a region that is the gene for a particular protein, specifies the order of amino acids in that protein. You can look up the genetic code, which says what the three bases in 'nucleic acid language' specify for the amino acid. DNA is copied to form messenger RNA, messenger RNA has 'codons' of three bases, each of which means to use a particular amino acid at that point in the protein. In globin, the protein part of hemoglobin, the sickle cell mutation is a change in one of the bases that results in the change of one amino acid because it results in a different codon. That one change results in globin that forms a hemoglobin that loses oxygen at low oxygen pressures and that forms chains that sickle and poke holes in red blood cells.

Answer 2

What scientists do know is that different sequences of amino acids form different proteins. What they cannot do - without empirical study - is predict the behavior of a given sequence of amino acids because it is difficult to guess even the conformation of a sequence of amino acids without **extensive** computer simulation. Many protein mutations are muted by cellular machinery or result in miniscule changes that are easily overlooked unless they are being specifically searched for, so there isn't a direct 1:1 link between changes in protein sequences and changes in phenotypes expressed.

Answer 3

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