what is media used for invitro propagation of tumeric and whatare the applications for tumeric?

Question

what are the application for tumeric and what are the details for invtro propagation of tumeric.

Answer 1

Plant tissue culture involves the growing of plant tissue from plant material taken from a source plant.It has been found that plants can reproduce whole plants from fragments of plant material when given a nutrient media capable of supporting growth and appropriate hormone control.

The nutrient media used in plant tissue culture is an agar media with macro and micro nutrients dissolved in it.Unlike plants growing from a seed, tissue cultures require a supply of carbon in an organic form such as sugars.They also require amino acids,B vitamins and growth hormones .The constituents of the media will vary with the plant material being cultured.

Plant tissue culture can be used to clone plants and produce many identical plants for a particular market.This can be used when a new variety is grown and other methods of cultivation are too slow for the desired market.It can also be used if a stock plant has been infected and material taken from the plant that is not infected.The excised plant material can be grown on and any disease free plants grown on for propagation.Plant tissue culture is also of use in research for biochemists,geniticists,plant breeders and plant pathologists.Plant tissue culture has also proved more efficient in the production of secondary metabolites than the use of the parent plants in various instances and has been used in the commercial production of the napthoquinone pigment Shikonin.Plant tissue caulture has also been used in the production of flavours,sweeteners,natural colourants and pharmaceuticals.With the advent of gene insertion plant cells with gene material inserted can be regenerated using tissue culture to produce a whole new plant.
Methods and Materials

When taking plant material to grow on using plant tissue culture it is important to get the most appropriate material for the end product you are aiming for.Plant tissue has been shown to be totipotent,but different tissues will require different treatment to produce whole plants if that is the aim.Tissue that is dividing such as at the nodes and leaf axils,leaf peiole material are often used.

Sharp cuts will decrease the amount of decaying material present,and decrease the possibility of infection.The use of a sharp scalpel is advised.Forceps are necessary to move the plant material to the growing media.The cutting should take place in a sterile environment and the growing media only exposed when the plant material is placed in it,after which it should be sealed.

Forceps

Scalpel

Disinfectants-for surfaces,implements and plant material.

Laminar Flow Cabinet

Bunsen burner

Containers-petri dishes,small clear plastic containers,glass jars.

Growth media-appropriate to plant material being cultured

Murashige Skoog

Constituents Media mg/Litre

Inorganic

Ammonium Nitrate NH4NO3 1650

Potassium Nitrate KNO3 1900

Calcium Chloride CaCl2.2H2O 440

Magnesium Sulphate MgSO4.7H2O 370

KH2PO4 170

Potassium Iodide 0.83

H3BO3 6.2

Manganese Sulphate MnSO4.4H2O 22.3

Zinc Sulphate ZnSO4.7H2O 8.6

Na2Mo4.H2O 0.25

Copper Sulphate CuSO4.5H2O 0.025

Iron Sulphate FeSO4.7H2O 27.8

Na2EDTA.2H2O 37.3

Organic

Inositol 100

Nicitinic Acid 0.5

Pyridoxine HCl 0.5

Thiamine HCl 0.1

Glycine 2

Sucrose 3%

BVitamins

Nicitinic acid

Thiamine HCl

Pyridoxine HCl

Growth Hormones-Auxins,

Benzyl Amino Purine

Auxin-Indoleacetic acid

Inositol

Cytokinins

Kinetin

For growing plant tissue cultures on a suitable site is required which is clean,warm (20deg C) and there is adequate light.

The source of the plant material is important as some plant tissue is better suited to tissue culture than others,the ability of plant material to grow and divide in vitro is known as totipotency,but different plant material will need different control to form new plant material.The plant material may form a new embryo,callous tissue or a whole plant depending on how it is looked after.

Turmeric (Curcuma longa, also called tumeric or kunyit in some Asian countries[1]) is a spice commonly used in curries and other South Asian cuisine. Its active ingredient is curcumin. It is a significant ingredient in most commercial curry powders. Turmeric is also used to give a yellow color to some prepared mustards, canned chicken broth, and other foods (often as a much cheaper replacement for saffron). It makes a poor fabric dye as it is not very lightfast.

Turmeric, a representative of plant genus Curcuma, is a member of the ginger family, Zingiberaceae.

In Ayurvedic medicine, turmeric is thought to have many healthful properties. It is taken in some Asian countries as a dietary supplement, which allegedly helps with stomach problems and other ailments. It is popular as a tea in Okinawa, Japan. It is currently being investigated for possible benefits in Alzheimer's disease, cancer and liver disorders.

Sangli, a town in the southern part of the Indian state of Maharashtra, is the largest and most important trading centre for turmeric in Asia or perhaps in the entire world
Turmeric (coded as E100 when used as a food additive) is used in product systems that are packaged to protect them from sunlight. The oleoresin is used for oil-containing products. The curcumin/polysorbate solution or curcumin powder dissolved in alcohol is used for water containing products. Over-colouring, such as in pickles, relishes and mustard, is sometimes used to compensate for fading.

Turmeric has found application in canned beverages, baked products, dairy products, ice cream, yogurts, yellow cakes, biscuits, popcorn-color, sweets, cake icings, cereals, sauces, gelatines, direct compression tablets, etc. In combination with Annatto (E160b) it has been used to colour cheeses, dry mixes, salad dressings, winter butter and margarine.

The medicinal properties of the turmeric have for millennia been known to the ancient Indians and have been expounded in the Ayurvedic texts. It is only in recent years that Western scientists have increasingly recognised the medicinal properties of turmeric. According to a 2005 article in the Wall Street Journal titled, "Common Indian Spice Stirs Hope," research activity into curcumin, the active ingredient in turmeric, is exploding. Two hundred and fifty-six curcumin papers were published in the past year according to a search of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. Supplement sales have increased 35% from 2004, and the U.S. National Institutes of Health has four clinical trials underway to study curcumin treatment for pancreatic cancer, multiple myeloma, Alzheimer's, and colorectal cancer.

A 2004 UCLA-Veterans Affairs study involving genetically altered mice suggests that curcumin, the active ingredient in turmeric, might inhibit the accumulation of destructive beta amyloids in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients and also break up existing plaques. "Curcumin has been used for thousands of years as a safe anti-inflammatory in a variety of ailments as part of Indian traditional medicine," Gregory Cole, Professor of medicine and neurology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA said.

Recent studies have shown that turmeric can be effective in fighting a number of STDs including chlamydia and gonorrhea.

Investigations into the low incidence of colorectal cancer amongst ethnic groups with a large intake of curries compared with the indigenous population have suggested that some active ingredients of turmeric may have anti-cancer properties.

Anti-tumoral effects against melanoma cells have been demonstrated [1].

Second-stage trials of a turmeric-based drug as a possible treatment for cancer are currently underway. However, according to recent research results [2], the component curcumin causes degradation of the human protein p53. p53 is responsible for removing damaged cells that are likely to become tumors, suggesting curcumin could accelerate tumor development.

Consuming large doses is not recommended in cases of gallstones, obstructive jaundice, acute bilious colic and toxic liver disorders.

Curry Pharmaceuticals, based in North Carolina, is studying the use of a curcumin cream for psoriasis treatment. Another company is already selling a cream based on curcumin called "Psoria-Gold," which shows anecdotal promise of treating the disease.

A recent study involving mice has shown that turmeric slows the spread of breast cancer into lungs and other body parts, but also enhances the effect of taxol in reducing metastasis of breast cancer [3].

It is also said that turmeric can strengthen the blood-brain barrier against attacks that result from auto-immune diseases (such as Multiple sclerosis
Turmeric is currently used in the formulation of some sun screens. Turmeric paste is used by Indian women to keep them free of superfluous hair.

The Government of Thailand is funding a project to extract and isolate tetrahydrocurcuminoids (THC) from turmeric. THCs are colorless compounds that might have antioxidant and skin lightening properties and might be used to treat skin inflammations, making these compounds useful in cosmetics formulations.

Answer 2

APPLICATIONS ARE as a condiment on hotdogs at weeny roasts...and tumeric has great anti oxident properties...its what makes those terrible yellow stains on a white tee shirt...etc etc

Answer 3

Repeated question