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Hydrogen compressed under gravitational forces until it spontaneously combusts.

2006-08-30 03:14:56 · answer #1 · answered by Bullwinkle Moose 6 · 0 0

Mostly hydrogen. Because of the intense gravity of a star, the heat and preasure at the centre force hydrogen molecules together with such force that they fuse together, forming helium. When this happens a small amount of mass is transformed into energy, in the form of sunlight (star light).

This is called nuclear fusion.

2006-08-30 10:14:55 · answer #2 · answered by Crazy Eagle 3 · 0 0

Hydrogen fuels nuclear reactions.

It was not until Albert Einstein introduced his theory of general relativity stating that mass could be converted into energy that a reasonable hypothesis could be developed. In 1926 Arthur Stanley Eddington put forth the assertion that the Sun was converting hydrogen into helium in a process he called the "transmutation of elements".

Based on Einstein’s famous equation, e=mc2, he demonstrated that if one could somehow force the protons present in the nuclei of four pounds of hydrogen together to form helium nuclei, the resulting mass of helium would weigh only 3.97 pounds. The difference in mass would be converted to energy, exhibiting itself as heat and light. While many of Eddington’s contemporaries thought his theories were nonsense, he was eventually found to be correct. What he called the transmutation of elements, we call nuclear fusion, which we now know to be the energy source of the Sun.

2006-08-30 10:19:48 · answer #3 · answered by Mork the Stork 3 · 0 0

A star's energy comes from the combining of light elements into heavier elements in a process known as fusion, or "nuclear burning". It is generally believed that most of the elements in the universe heavier than helium are created, or synthesized, in stars when lighter nuclei fuse to make heavier nuclei. The process is called nucleosynthesis.
Nucleosynthesis requires a high-speed collision, which can only be achieved with very high temperature. The minimum temperature required for the fusion of hydrogen is 5 million degrees. Elements with more protons in their nuclei require still higher temperatures. For instance, fusing carbon requires a temperature of about one billion degrees! Most of the heavy elements, from oxygen up through iron, are thought to be produced in stars that contain at least ten times as much matter as our Sun.

Our Sun is currently burning, or fusing, hydrogen to helium. This is the process that occurs during most of a star's lifetime. After the hydrogen in the star's core is exhausted, the star can burn helium to form progressively heavier elements, carbon and oxygen and so on, until iron and nickel are formed. Up to this point the process releases energy. The formation of elements heavier than iron and nickel requires the input of energy. Supernova explosions result when the cores of massive stars have exhausted their fuel supplies and burned everything into iron and nickel. The nuclei with mass heavier than nickel are thought to be formed during these explosions.

Elements heavier than lithium are all synthesized in stars. During the late stages of stellar evolution, massive stars burn helium to carbon, oxygen, silicon, sulfur, and iron. Elements heavier than iron are produced in two ways: in the outer envelopes of super-giant stars and in the explosion of a supernovae. All carbon-based life on Earth is literally composed of stardust.

2006-08-30 11:12:36 · answer #4 · answered by ANANTHA 1 · 0 0

hydrogen for fusion

2006-08-30 10:16:14 · answer #5 · answered by Anonymous · 0 0

hydrogen and helium

2006-08-30 10:17:51 · answer #6 · answered by afterflakes 4 · 0 0

hydrogen

2006-09-02 07:08:11 · answer #7 · answered by rajan naidu 7 · 0 0

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