What Is Otomastoiditis?

Question

Ive Looked OnLine To Find Excatly What It Is, But Have Had No Luck... Ive Only Found The Treatment So Far. Can Anyone Be Of Assistance To Me Pleaase?

What Is It? Is It Common? What Are Symptons? What Is Treatment?

Answer 1

Infection and inflammation of ear and mastoid process.Mastoid process is the hollow hard bony process of temporal bone felt immediately behind the ear.

Answer 2

Lets break it down

oto=ear
mastiod=boney protrution right behind ear
itis=inflamtion

literally inflamation of the ear (inner) and mastoid.

Answer 3

1. Acute - swollen mucosa of tympanic cav, opacified air cells
no bony trabecula change

Coalescent Mastoiditis - seperate air cells fill w puss
form one large puss pocket that must drain
Can cause mass & sig bone errosion
DDx - Rhabdomyosarcoma, no fever, often find blood in EAC
Langerhans Histiocytosis - lg w extensive destruction
minmal Sx, can be bilat, assoc w mandible dest & Pneumo
Aggressive Fibromatosis - older pt, Desmoid type tumor

Epidural Abcess - thickend dura w connection to erroded air cel
80% cause abn seen on plain skull film

Post & Preauricular Ascesses - can mimic tumor esp in peds

2. Gradenigo Syndrome - Petrous apicites from otomastoiditis
Air cells break out at apex near VI & V (Meckel's Cave)
Deep facial pain, abducens N palsy, focal meningitis

Necrotizing External Otitis - Very aggresive, diabetic Pts
can prog to osteomyelitis & death quickly

4. Chronic Otomastoiditis - periostitis then trabecular thickening
reactive sclerosis, may assoc w cholesterol granuloma

5. Cholesterol Granuloma - occurs w chronic or acute otitis
Dark blue TM is freq due to hem, Hyper T1 & T2
DDx for blue TM - exposed jug bulb or ICA, hemotympanum
glomus tumor, schwannoma, meningioma or adenoma

6. Aquired Cholesteatoma - pars flaccida sucked into attic
closed off & forms a keatin lined cyst, epidermal inclusion
releases enzyme which errodes bone, scalloping & expansion
displaces ossicles medialy as they grow in Prussack's space
Pars Tensa cholesteatoma's rare, displace ossicles lat
CT - defines bone errosion, comment on bone over VII
MRI - hypo T1 & hyper T2, NO enhancement unless infected
will see enhancement of VII if affected
DDx - chronic otitis media, lack of bone errosion key
7.Primary Cholesteatoma - embryonic epithelial rest, mid ear #1
can be in mastoid, petrous or squamous bone, EAC also
may appear as white mass behind intact TM

Epidermoid Cyst - Primary Cholesteatoma or Petrous Apex
may be seen w intracranial extention
MRI - hypo T1 & hyper T2, differ from granuloma (hyper T1&T2)

8. Keratosis Obturans - bilat accum of squamous cells in EAC
moderate to marked widening of EAC results

9. Otosclerosis - repalcement of dense otic capsule w vasc bone
early lytic phase followed by sclerotic reparitive phase
Stapedial - #1, involvement ant to oval window, 80% bilateral
Cochlear - stapes fixed into oval window, conductive loss
sensorineural hearing loss poss w retrofenestral involvement
lucent band around membranous cochlea from spongy degen

10. Labyrinthine Ossification - assoc w chonic otitis, trauma or meningitis
assoc w complete deafness and freq vertigo, usually unilateral
usually the cochlea is involved, dense mineralization on CT