MEMOIRS OF A GEISHA
By Arthur Golden
434 pages. Alfred A. Knopf. $25.
''Write what you know'': in ''Memoirs of a Geisha,'' the first-time novelist Arthur Golden not only defies that old piece of creative-writing class advice, but does so with impunity and panache as well. The outcome: a remarkable piece of sleight of hand, a novel disguised as a memoir, told in the voice of a geisha who grew up in pre-World War II Japan.
How does a white, Ivy League-educated male pull off this act of ventriloquism? In his acknowledgments, Mr. Golden, who has a master's degree in Japanese history from Columbia University, notes that he did a lot of historical research, and also talked extensively with Mineko Iwasaki, one of the top geisha in Kyoto during the 1960's and 70's. ''Geisha,'' a book by Liza Dalby, the only American woman ever to become a geisha, is cited as source material as well.
What is striking about ''Memoirs of a Geisha,'' however, is less its historical verisimilitude, or even its detailed account of geisha rituals and training. What is striking about the novel is Mr. Golden's creation of an utterly convincing narrator, a woman who is, at once, a traditional product of Japan's archaic gender relations and a spirited picaresque heroine, a sort of demure Moll Flanders, whose life spans the better part of a century and a world war. Part historical novel, part fairy tale and part Dickensian romance, ''Memoirs of a Geisha'' immerses the reader in an exotic world, even as it relates the story of one woman's coming of age.
Like many a fairy tale, the story of Sayuri begins in a remote village by the sea. Chiyo, as she is then called, is the daughter of an aged fisherman and his ailing wife. Unlike her dimwitted sister, Chiyo is a bright, sensitive girl, distinguished by her unusual gray eyes. When Chiyo is 9, she catches the attention of a local businessman, who offers to ''adopt'' her and her sister, and ease their family's financial burden. The girls end up being sold into slavery: the pretty Chiyo is sent to a geisha house in Kyoto, her plainer sister to a house of prostitution.
Chiyo dreams of returning home, but her one attempt at escape is easily foiled, and she eventually resigns herself to her fate. Part of her sees becoming a geisha as the only way she can make a living in 1930's Japan. Part of her admires the glamorous geisha around her. And part of her sees becoming a geisha as a way to re-encounter her Prince Charming, a handsome businessman known as the Chairman, whose kindness and charm have captured her heart.
In the course of training to become a geisha, Chiyo must take singing, dancing, music and tea ceremony lessons, as well as lessons in the art of conversation. In the daytime, there are grueling classes; in the evenings, parties and banquets, where Chiyo is introduced to potential patrons.
Chiyo learns to wear the ornate costume of the apprentice geisha (including an obi that is made of yards and yards of heavy brocade). She learns to flirt with men by coyly revealing a glimpse of wrist and forearm. And she learns to apply the geisha's traditional white makeup, leaving ''a tiny margin of skin bare all around the hairline,'' to create the artificial look of an actor's Noh mask. Soon, Chiyo the gangly village girl has become the novice geisha ''Sayuri.''
Rather than contrive a stylized, period voice for Sayuri, Mr. Golden allows her to relate her story in chatty, colloquial terms that enable the reader to identify with her feelings of surprise, puzzlement and disgust at the rituals she must endure. We learn how a young geisha's virginity is auctioned off to the highest bidder, and how a wealthy ''danna'' (that is, patron) is acquired by the most popular geisha. Having a danna means that a geisha has someone to look after her debts and expenses; it also means being on call as the man's professional mistress.
On her way to becoming one of the most prominent geisha in Kyoto, Sayuri must contend with the evil stratagems of an envious rival named Hatsumomo, and her own ambivalent feelings about her vocation
2006-08-06 10:40:32
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answer #3
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answered by Bolan 6
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