It doesn't exist, It is a language postulated as existing in the play The Memorandum by Vaclav Havel, an early satire on bureaucracy by the man who is now the Czech President,
Written in the 1960s and performed at Theatre On the Balustrade - Divadlo Na zábradlí - in Prague it tells the story of an organisation that introduces a new synthetic language, Ptdyepe, in the name of efficiency,
All work grinds to a halt because every memorandum has to first be translated into Ptdyepe and nobody knows how to speak it, let alone pronounce it or understand what it means.
Ptdyepe experts arrive and instal themselves in every department and start to train everyone in this mumbo-jumbo and the chaos in the organisation increases exponentially. As the new uninvited priesthood takes over.
Finally, once people have just about got the hang of the new language, management calls a halt and denounces and criticises the Ptdyepe project and all its faults (reminiscent of Kruschev denouncing Stalin and all his works in 1953) and announces ...
That a new synthetic language will now be introduced, to replace it, which is scientifically formulated and will be a vast improvement!
(the same claptrap that preceded the introduction of Ptdyepe in Act One)
After the suppression of the Prague Spring in 1968 Havel's plays were banned in Czechoslovakia (as it then was) and had to be performed in private drawing rooms and published in samizdat publications and he became one of the leaders of the dissident opposition to the regime which then jailed him in the mid-1970s.
Like Nelson Mandela, he then emerged from jail to become his country's new leader after the tumultous events of the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and consequential regime changes all over Eastern Europe.
HERE IS AN EXCERPT OF THE PLAY
The Memorandum, Scene 2
By Václav Havel
The Ptydepe classroom. Teacher’s desk in the background; in the foreground five chairs. LEAR is standing behind his desk, lecturing to four clerks who are seated with their backs to the audience. Among them is THUMB.
LEAR: Ptydepe, as you know, is a synthetic language, built on a strictly scientific basis. Its grammar is constructed with maximum rationality, its vocabulary is unusually broad. It is a thoroughly exact language, capable of expressing with far greater precision than any current natural tongue all the minutest nuances in the formulation of important office documents. The result of this precision is of course the exceptional complexity and difficulty of Ptydepe. There are many months of intensive study ahead of you, which can be crowned by success only if it is accompanied by diligence, perseverance, discipline, talent and a good memory. And, of course, by faith. Without a steadfast faith in Ptydepe, nobody yet has ever been able to learn Ptydepe. And now, let us turn briefly to some of the basic principles of Ptydepe.
The natural languages originated, as we know, spontaneously, uncontrollably in other words, unscientifically, and their structure is thus, in a certain sense, dilettantish. As far as official communications are concerned, the most serious deficiency of the natural languages is their utter unreliability, which results from the fact that their basic structural units - words - are highly equivocal and interchangeable. You all know that in a natural language it is often enough to exchange one letter for another (goat—boat, love—dove), or simply remove one letter (fox—ox), and the whole meaning of the word is thus changed. And then there are all the homonyms! Consider what terrible mischief can be caused in inter-office communications when two words with entirely different meanings are spelled exactly the same way. P-o-s-s-u-m. Possum—possum. The first, designating an American small I arboreal or aquatic nocturnal marsupial mammal with thumbed hind foot - (THUMB giggles.) The second, the Latin equivalent of ‘I am able’.
Such a thing is quite unthinkable in Ptydepe. The significant aim of Ptydepe is to guarantee to every statement, by purposefully limit all similarities between individual words, a degree of precision, reliability and lack of equivocation, quite unattainable in any natural language. To achieve this, Ptydepe makes use of the following postulation: if similarities between any two words are to be minimized, the words must be formed by the least probable combination of letters. This means that the creation of words must be based on such principles as would lead to the greatest possible redundancy of language. You see, a redundancy— in other words, the difference between the maximum and the real entropy, related to the maximum entropy and expressed percentually — concerns precisely that superfluity by which the expression of a particular piece of information in a given language is longer, and thus less probable (i.e. less likely to appear in this particular form), than would be the same expression in a language in which all letters have the same probability of occurrence. Briefly: the greater the redundancy of a language, the more reliable it is, because the smaller is the possibility that by an exchange of a letter, by an oversight or a typing error, the meaning of the text could be altered.
(GROSS enters by the back door, his memorandum in his hand, crosses the room and leaves by the side door.)
How does, in fact, Ptydepe achieve its high redundancy? By a consistent use of the so-called principle of a 60 per cent dissimilarity; which means that any Ptydepe word must differ by at least 60 per cent of its letters from any other Ptydepe word of the same length (and, incidentally, any part of such a word must differ in the same way from any Ptydepe word of this length, that is from any word shorter than is the one of which it is a part). Thus, for example, out of all the possible five-letter combinations of the 26 letters of our alphabet — and these are 11,881,376— only 432 combinations can be found which differ from each other by three letters, i.e., by 60 per cent of the total. From these 432 combinations only 17 fulfill the other requirements as well and thus have become Ptydepe words. Hence it is clear that in Ptydepe there often occur words which are very long indeed.
THUMB: (Raising his hand) Sir?
LEAR: Yes?
THUMB: (Gets up) Would you please tell us which is the longest world in Ptydepe? (Sits down.)
LEAR: Certainly. It is the word meaning ‘a wombat’, which has 319 letters. But let us proceed.
2006-08-01 13:08:58
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answer #1
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answered by Anonymous
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