How potting on PCB with components is made?

Answer 1

I'm assuming you're asking how the boards are "populated", i.e. how components are placed on the boards.
Many components are hand-soldered onto the board. If the PCB is a 2-sided board, the holes get "depped" or placed through a process called deposition in which copper is placed inside the holes, so that electrical contact is made with the leads of the component that is soldered into the hole.
There is also a process called "cold-wave soldering" where a machine first places the component in the approproate places, and then the board goes through a machine where the components get soldered on (I don't know much about this process, but I would imagine that a vacuum might be applied)
There are also "surface mount" components. The components do not need predrilled holes to be places and soldered onto the board. These components are placed on to the board using a pick-&-place machine, and then somehow the solder paste is heated in order to attach the component.
Finally it should be noted that there are now RoHS, or Reduction of Hazardous Substances requirements placed on certain PCBs that are to be exported to Europe. Regular Solder cannot be used, as it contains lead, with is not a RoHS compliant substance. Tin or a different solder(w/o lead) must be used, which means that higher temperatures will be needed to attach the components. A laminated copper board 370HR or ISOLA 410 (or equivalent) must be used in place of the standard FR4 (see one of my earlier answers).
One book dealing with the Fabrication of PCBs comes from Jan Axelson, http://www.lvr.com